---
title: With what reasoning did the mother Lark justify the immediate depart… — Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Y… · tree and pragmatics
description: With what reasoning did the mother Lark justify the immediate departure of her brood from the field? Exam question 2 of lesson 377 «Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farmer must cut his wheat himself, so the larks fly away» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the de
---

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# Exam question 2 · Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farme…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
With what reasoning did the mother Lark justify the immediate departure of her brood from the field?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Lark, brood · **What happens:** justify, depart · **To what, where:** immediate departure

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 377 «Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farmer must cut his wheat himself, so the larks fly away» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/377-pg19994-part16/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e2:1
# text = With what reasoning did the mother Lark justify the immediate departure of her brood from the field?
1	With	with	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
3	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	Lark	Lark	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	justify	justify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	immediate	immediate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	departure	departure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	brood	brood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **justify** *speech: other* | past · do-support | Lark | the immediate departure of Lark's brood from the field |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent departure=Topic |
| 2 | **depart** |  | Lark's brood from the field |  |  |  |  |  | nom departure «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She argued the farmer would soon bring help from the village to cut the field

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e2:o1:1
# text = She argued the farmer would soon bring help from the village to cut the field
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	argued	argue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
5	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
7	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **argue** *speech: disagree* | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **bring** | would | the farmer | help |  | the village |  | soon *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent help=Theme from village=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **cut** | to-infinitive | the farmer *not said here* | the field |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset field=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She reasoned, after a long discussion with the young larks about the wheat and the cat and the hedge, that a man who works for himself causes no further delay and so they must leave

<!-- fold The tree, 35 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e2:o2:1
# text = She reasoned, after a long discussion with the young larks about the wheat and the cat and the hedge, that a man who works for himself causes no further delay and so they must leave
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reasoned	reason	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	after	after	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	discussion	discussion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	larks	lark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	about	about	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	wheat	wheat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	hedge	hedge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	29	mark	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	for	for	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	26	obl	_	_
29	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
30	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	32	det	_	_
31	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	37	cc	_	_
34	so	so	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
35	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	nsubj	_	_
36	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	37	aux	_	_
37	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reason** | past | She |  |  |  | after a long discussion with the young larks about the wheat and the cat and the hedge |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **work** | present | a man |  |  |  |  | for man | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for himself=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **cause** | present | a man | no further delay |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition delay=Patient |
| 4 | **leave** | must | wheat |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She reasoned that a man who works for himself causes no further delay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e2:o3:1
# text = She reasoned that a man who works for himself causes no further delay
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reasoned	reason	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	7	obl	_	_
10	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	13	det	_	_
12	further	further	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reason** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **work** | present | a man |  |  |  |  | for man | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for himself=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **cause** | present | a man | no further delay |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition delay=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She reasoned that since the farmer had given up waiting for his friends and was now going to work alone with his son, the larks had no reason to stay

<!-- fold The tree, 30 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e2:o4:1
# text = She reasoned that since the farmer had given up waiting for his friends and was now going to work alone with his son, the larks had no reason to stay
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reasoned	reason	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	since	since	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
17	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	larks	lark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
28	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	29	det	_	_
29	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reason** | past | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **give up** | past · perfect | She *not said here* |  |  |  | since the farmer |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **wait** | gerund | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for farmer's friends | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **go** | past · progressive | She *not said here* |  |  |  | now |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **work** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with farmer's son; alone *property* | vn cooperate-73.1-3 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.theme»: agent=Agent with son=Co-Agent |
| 6 | **have** | past | the larks | no reason |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Patient |
| 7 | **stay** | to-infinitive | the larks *not said here* | no reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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