---
title: What general moral, expressed in the concluding sentence of the tale… — Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Y… · tree and pragmatics
description: What general moral, expressed in the concluding sentence of the tale, may be inferred from the conduct of the Farmer? Exam question 4 of lesson 377 «Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farmer must cut his wheat himself, so the larks fly away» of the books course of Mova's primary sc
---

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# Exam question 4 · Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farme…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What general moral, expressed in the concluding sentence of the tale, may be inferred from the conduct of the Farmer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** moral, express, infer, sentence, conduct · **To what, where:** general moral, concluding sentence, conduct, tale, Farmer

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 377 «Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Young Ones: the farmer must cut his wheat himself, so the larks fly away» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/377-pg19994-part16/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e4:1
# text = What general moral, expressed in the concluding sentence of the tale, may be inferred from the conduct of the Farmer?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	moral	moral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	expressed	express	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	concluding	concluding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	sentence	sentence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	inferred	infer	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
17	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Farmer	Farmer	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **moral** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **express** | participle |  | general moral *not said here* |  | the concluding sentence of the tale |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **infer** | may · passive |  | general moral |  | the conduct of the Farmer |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: subject=Theme from conduct=Source |
| 4 | **sentence** |  |  | the tale |  |  |  |  | nom sentence «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 5 | **conduct** |  |  | the Farmer |  |  |  |  | nom conduct «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A farmer who waits for others to help him will always lose most of his crop to the weather and the birds

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e4:o1:1
# text = A farmer who waits for others to help him will always lose most of his crop to the weather and the birds
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	waits	wait	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	12	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	crop	crop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | present | a farmer |  |  |  |  | for others | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | a farmer *not said here* |  | farmer |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **lose** | future | a farmer | most of farmer's crop |  |  |  | to the weather and the birds; always *property* | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Friends always come when needed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e4:o2:1
# text = Friends always come when needed
1	Friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	3	advmod	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Friends |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | participle | Friends *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Help comes to those who wait

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e4:o3:1
# text = Help comes to those who wait
1	Help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	obl	_	_
5	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	wait	wait	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Help |  |  | those |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to that=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **wait** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Self-help is the best help

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:377-pg19994-part16:e4:o4:1
# text = Self-help is the best help
1	Self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Self help | the best help |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Aesop for Children, The Lark and Her Y…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/377-pg19994-part16/e3/)
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