---
title: ★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.» Why are… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: ★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.» Why are they the same for Toad? Test 16 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the depend
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t16/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/) / t16

# Test 16 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (b…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.» Why are they the same for Toad?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** it, machines · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** same thing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 16 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/#t16).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* ★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:1
# text = ★★★ «Smashes, or machines? … it's the same thing—with Toad.»
1	★	★	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	★	★	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	dep	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	★	★	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	dep	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Smashes	smash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
10	…	…	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | it | the same thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why are they the same for Toad?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:2
# text = Why are they the same for Toad?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | machines *= machine* |  |  |  |  | for Toad; same *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each car has a smashed wheel, so it counts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:o1:1
# text = Each car has a smashed wheel, so it counts
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	smashed	smash	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	wheel	wheel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	counts	count	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each car | a smashed wheel |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient |
| 2 | **smash** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **count** | present | car |  |  |  |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are both machines

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:o2:1
# text = They are both machines
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	both	both	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	machines	machine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | machines |  |  |  | both *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Both are things Toad keeps in the coach-house

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:o3:1
# text = Both are things Toad keeps in the coach-house
1	Both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | both things |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | both things |  |  | the coach house |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in house=Location |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Every car he buys, he smashes, so the counts match

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t16:o4:1
# text = Every car he buys, he smashes, so the counts match
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	buys	buy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	smashes	smash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	counts	count	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	match	match	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | present | every car |  |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **smash** | present | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **match** | present | the counts |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, test 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t15/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t17/)
- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/)