--- title: ★★★ «Then he's a millionaire,» says Theo, «because the Rat says he's… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p… · tree and pragmatics description: ★★★ «Then he's a millionaire,» says Theo, «because the Rat says he's rich.» What is wrong with Theo's reasoning? Test 18 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary sch --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/) / t18 # Test 18 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (b… ★★★ «Then he's a millionaire,» says Theo, «because the Rat says he's rich.» What is wrong with Theo's reasoning? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** ★, Rat, Theo · **What happens:** be, say, reason · **To what, where:** millionaire, Theo · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is test 18 · ★★★ of lesson 38 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/#t18). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* ★★★ «Then he's a millionaire,» says Theo, «because the Rat says he's rich.» ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:1 # text = ★★★ «Then he's a millionaire,» says Theo, «because the Rat says he's rich.» 1 ★ ★ PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 2 ★ ★ X FW Foreign=Yes 1 dep _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ★ ★ X FW Foreign=Yes 1 dep _ _ 4 « « PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 9 advmod _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 7 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 millionaire millionaire NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 11 » » PUNCT '' _ 12 punct _ _ 12 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 Theo Theo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 15 « « PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 because because SCONJ IN _ 19 mark _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 19 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 20 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 21 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 22 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 23 . . PUNCT . _ 19 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 24 » » PUNCT '' _ 19 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | ★ | a millionaire | | | then | | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | ★ | Theo | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent theo=Topic | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | the Rat | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Rat | | | | | rich *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What is wrong with Theo's reasoning? ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:2 # text = What is wrong with Theo's reasoning? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 with with ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 Theo Theo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 6 's 's PART POS _ 5 case _ _ 7 reasoning reasoning NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 ? ? PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | | | | | | with Theo's reasoning; wrong *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **reason** | | Theo | | | | | | nom reasoning «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1} The Rat says he's rich but «not a millionaire» — rich doesn't mean a millionaire ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:o1:1 # text = The Rat says he's rich but «not a millionaire» — rich doesn't mean a millionaire 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 ccomp _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 8 « « PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 11 advmod _ _ 10 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 millionaire millionaire NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 12 » » PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 13 — - PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 14 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 nsubj _ _ 15 does do AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 16 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 17 advmod _ _ 17 mean mean VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ _ 18 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 millionaire millionaire NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the Rat | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | present | Rat | | | | | rich *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **not** **mean** | present · do-support | rich | a millionaire | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent millionaire=Topic | ### Option 2 {#o2} Theo is correct, he is rich ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:o2:1 # text = Theo is correct, he is rich 1 Theo Theo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 correct correct ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 cop _ _ 7 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Theo | | | | | correct *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is** | present | Theo | | | | | rich *property* | tree rules | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} Theo is right, since the Rat calls Toad rich in the book ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:o3:1 # text = Theo is right, since the Rat calls Toad rich in the book 1 Theo Theo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 5 since since SCONJ IN _ 8 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 calls call VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 9 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 10 rich rich ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 xcomp _ _ 11 in in ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 book book NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Theo | | | | | right *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **call** | present | the Rat | | Toad | the book | | rich *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent toad=Recipient | ### Option 4 {#o4} Theo is wrong because the Rat said Toad is poor ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs:t18:o4:1 # text = Theo is wrong because the Rat said Toad is poor 1 Theo Theo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 2 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 wrong wrong ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 because because SCONJ IN _ 7 mark _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 Rat Rat PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 advcl _ _ 8 Toad Toad PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 10 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 ccomp _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | Theo | | | | | wrong *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Rat | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present | Toad | | | | | poor *property* | tree rules | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/t17/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, p…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/e1/) - ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IV, part 2: Mr. Badger (bad news of Toad, a winter promise, and two lost hedgehogs)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/38-willows-ch4-part2-toad-news-and-hedgehogs/)