---
title: What is the principal moral conveyed by the account of Marko the Rich? — Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a… · tree and pragmatics
description: What is the principal moral conveyed by the account of Marko the Rich? Exam question 3 of lesson 419 «Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a stingy merchant tries to dodge paying one copeck and gets tricked» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a stingy merchant trie…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the principal moral conveyed by the account of Marko the Rich?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** principal moral · **What happens:** be, convey, account · **To what, where:** principal moral, Marko

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 419 «Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a stingy merchant tries to dodge paying one copeck and gets tricked» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/419-pg22373-part11/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:419-pg22373-part11:e3:1
# text = What is the principal moral conveyed by the account of Marko the Rich?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	moral	moral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	account	account	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Marko	Marko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Rich	Rich	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the principal moral |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **convey** | participle |  | the principal moral *not said here* |  |  |  | by the account of Marko | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **account** |  |  | Marko |  |  |  |  | nom account «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Marko was punished because he was too cheap and the poor man outwitted him fairly

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:419-pg22373-part11:e3:o1:1
# text = Marko was punished because he was too cheap and the poor man outwitted him fairly
1	Marko	Marko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	cheap	cheap	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	outwitted	outwit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	fairly	fairly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | past · passive |  | Marko |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Marko |  |  |  |  | cheap *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **outwit** | past | the poor man | Marko |  |  |  | fairly *property* | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot he=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stinginess is harmful, and the rich should always give money freely to beggars and friends

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:419-pg22373-part11:e3:o2:1
# text = Stinginess is harmful, and the rich should always give money freely to beggars and friends
1	Stinginess	stinginess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmful	harmful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	10	advmod	_	_
10	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
11	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	freely	freely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	beggars	beggar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Stinginess |  |  |  |  | harmful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** | should | the rich | money | beggars and friends |  |  | always, freely *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent money=Theme to beggar=Recipient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Avarice is punished by the cunning of the poor

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:419-pg22373-part11:e3:o3:1
# text = Avarice is punished by the cunning of the poor
1	Avarice	avarice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cunning	cunning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **punish** | present · passive | the cunning of the poor | Avarice |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wealth brings happiness to every person

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:419-pg22373-part11:e3:o4:1
# text = Wealth brings happiness to every person
1	Wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	happiness	happiness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | Wealth | happiness | every person |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent happiness=Theme to person=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/419-pg22373-part11/e2/)
- next →: [Russian Folk-Tales, Marko the Rich: a…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/419-pg22373-part11/e4/)
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