---
title: Identify the article whose presence led the Rat to infer the existen… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the article whose presence led the Rat to infer the existence of sardines within the dwelling. Exam question 1 of lesson 43 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 3: Dulce Domum (a dusty home, a sardine supper, and voices outside)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the d
---

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# Exam question 1 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 3: Dulce Domum (a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the article whose presence led the Rat to infer the existence of sardines within the dwelling.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, presence, Rat, sardines · **What happens:** identify, lead, infer, exist · **To what, where:** article, Rat, existence

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 43 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 3: Dulce Domum (a dusty home, a sardine supper, and voices outside)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers:e1:1
# text = Identify the article whose presence led the Rat to infer the existence of sardines within the dwelling.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	led	lead	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	infer	infer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	sardines	sardine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
15	within	within	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the article |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent article=Theme |
| 2 | **lead** | past | presence | the Rat |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent rat=Patient clause=Result |
| 3 | **infer** | to-infinitive | the Rat *not said here* | the existence of sardines |  |  |  | within the dwelling | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Theme |
| 4 | **exist** |  | sardines |  |  |  |  |  | nom existence «state intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sardine-opener and a row of old jam jars set out upon the shelf of the kitchen dresser

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers:e1:o1:1
# text = A sardine-opener and a row of old jam jars set out upon the shelf of the kitchen dresser
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	sardine	sardine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	opener	opener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	row	row	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	jam	jam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	jars	jar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
12	set	set	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	shelf	shelf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	dresser	dresser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **set out** | participle |  | old jam jars *not said here* |  |  |  | upon the shelf of the kitchen dresser | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bottle opener beside the empty larder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers:e1:o2:1
# text = A bottle opener beside the empty larder
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	bottle	bottle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	opener	opener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	empty	empty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	larder	larder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A carving knife in the kitchen drawer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers:e1:o3:1
# text = A carving knife in the kitchen drawer
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	carving	carving	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	drawer	drawer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sardine-opener upon the kitchen dresser

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers:e1:o4:1
# text = A sardine-opener upon the kitchen dresser
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	sardine	sardine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	opener	opener	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	kitchen	kitchen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	dresser	dresser	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa…, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers/t17/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, pa…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers/e2/)
- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter V, part 3: Dulce Domum (a dusty home, a sardine supper, and voices outside)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/43-willows-ch5-part3-sardines-and-carol-singers/)