---
title: By what means does the witch first attempt to lure Ivashko from the… — Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko, part 36:… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means does the witch first attempt to lure Ivashko from the bank? Exam question 3 of lesson 444 «Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko, part 36: the witch tricks Ivashko's voice, but he tricks Alenka and escapes up an oak» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and prag
---

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# Exam question 3 · Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko, part 36: the witch tricks Iva…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means does the witch first attempt to lure Ivashko from the bank?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** mean, do, lure · **To what, where:** witch first attempt, Ivashko, bank · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 444 «Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko, part 36: the witch tricks Ivashko's voice, but he tricks Alenka and escapes up an oak» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/444-pg22373-part36/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:444-pg22373-part36:e3:1
# text = By what means does the witch first attempt to lure Ivashko from the bank?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	8	amod	_	_
8	attempt	attempt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	lure	lure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
11	Ivashko	Ivashko	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | present |  | the witch first attempt |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attempt=Eventuality |
| 3 | **lure** | to-infinitive |  | Ivashko |  | the bank |  |  | vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ivashko=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By pretending to be the smith and calling out from a boat on the river

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:444-pg22373-part36:e3:o1:1
# text = By pretending to be the smith and calling out from a boat on the river
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	pretending	pretend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	smith	smith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	xcomp	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | the smith |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **call out** *speech: assert* | gerund |  |  |  | a boat |  | on the river | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from boat=Source |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By employing a voice imitating his mother's

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:444-pg22373-part36:e3:o2:1
# text = By employing a voice imitating his mother's
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	employing	employ	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	imitating	imitate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | gerund |  | a voice |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme |
| 2 | **imitate** | gerund | a voice *not said here* | his mother |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mother=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By employing a voice imitating his mother's, shouting from the bank in the dark

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:444-pg22373-part36:e3:o3:1
# text = By employing a voice imitating his mother's, shouting from the bank in the dark
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	employing	employ	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	imitating	imitate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	dark	dark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **employ** | gerund |  | a voice |  |  |  |  | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent voice=Theme |
| 2 | **imitate** | gerund | a voice *not said here* | his mother |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mother=Theme |
| 3 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  | the bank |  | in the dark | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By calling with a mimicked mother's tone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:444-pg22373-part36:e3:o4:1
# text = By calling with a mimicked mother's tone
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	mimicked	mimic	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	tone	tone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with a mimicked mother's tone | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mimic** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **intonate** |  | a mimicked mother |  |  |  |  |  | nom tone «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko, part 36:…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/444-pg22373-part36/e2/)
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