---
title: Which of the following words, as used in the text, most accurately d… — Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following words, as used in the text, most accurately describes the means by which the youth was conveyed to his parental dwelling? Exam question 1 of lesson 445 «Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and geese carry Ivashko home to his parents» of the books course of Mova's primary school
---

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# Exam question 1 · Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and geese carry Ivashko…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following words, as used in the text, most accurately describes the means by which the youth was conveyed to his parental dwelling?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** most, the · **What happens:** follow, use, describe, mean, convey · **To what, where:** following words, text, youth, parental dwelling · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 445 «Russian Folk-Tales, Ivashko: swans and geese carry Ivashko home to his parents» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/445-pg22373-part37/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:445-pg22373-part37:e1:1
# text = Which of the following words, as used in the text, most accurately describes the means by which the youth was conveyed to his parental dwelling?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	words	word	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	text	text	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	nsubj	_	_
14	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	nsubj	_	_
17	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj:pass	_	_
22	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux:pass	_	_
23	conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	ccomp	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
26	parental	parental	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	amod	_	_
27	dwelling	dwelling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | the following words *not said here* |  | the text |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **describe** | present | most |  |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **convey** | past · passive |  | the youth | his parental dwelling |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to dwelling=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lifted by the birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:445-pg22373-part37:e1:o1:1
# text = Lifted by the birds
1	Lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Conveyed through the air by a flock of swans and geese

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:445-pg22373-part37:e1:o2:1
# text = Conveyed through the air by a flock of swans and geese
1	Conveyed	convey	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **convey** | participle |  |  |  | the air |  | by a flock of swans and geese | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ferried home by swans

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:445-pg22373-part37:e1:o3:1
# text = Ferried home by swans
1	Ferried	ferry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	home	home	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ferry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by swans; home *property* | vn vehicle-51.4.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Carried by swans and geese

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:445-pg22373-part37:e1:o4:1
# text = Carried by swans and geese
1	Carried	carry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	swans	swan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	geese	goose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by swans and geese | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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