---
title: Which of the following best describes the means by which the smith e… — Russian Folk-Tales, The Smith and Likh… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following best describes the means by which the smith escapes the cottage in the morning? Exam question 1 of lesson 450 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Smith and Likho: a smith tricks an old woman, loses his hand, and runs home» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency
---

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# Exam question 1 · Russian Folk-Tales, The Smith and Likho: a smith tricks an…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following best describes the means by which the smith escapes the cottage in the morning?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** the, smith · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, escape · **To what, where:** cottage · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 450 «Russian Folk-Tales, The Smith and Likho: a smith tricks an old woman, loses his hand, and runs home» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/450-pg22373-part42/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:450-pg22373-part42:e1:1
# text = Which of the following best describes the means by which the smith escapes the cottage in the morning?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	case	_	_
5	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	nmod	_	_
6	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	nsubj	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	smith	smith	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	escapes	escape	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present | the *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of the best | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent which=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **escape** | present | the smith | the cottage |  |  | morning |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme cottage=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He conceals himself within a sheep-skin garment, reversing its wool outward

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:450-pg22373-part42:e1:o1:1
# text = He conceals himself within a sheep-skin garment, reversing its wool outward
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	conceals	conceal	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	within	within	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	garment	garment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	reversing	reverse	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
12	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	outward	outward	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **conceal** | present | He | himself *= he* |  |  |  | within a skin garment | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient |
| 2 | **reverse** | gerund | He *not said here* | garment's wool |  |  |  | outward *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent wool=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He disguises himself as a sheep in the field, facing outward

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:450-pg22373-part42:e1:o2:1
# text = He disguises himself as a sheep in the field, facing outward
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	disguises	disguise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	facing	face	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
12	outward	outward	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disguise** | present | He | himself *= he* |  |  |  | as a sheep in the field | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Destination |
| 2 | **face** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | outward *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He disguises himself

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:450-pg22373-part42:e1:o3:1
# text = He disguises himself
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	disguises	disguise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **disguise** | present | He | himself *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wraps himself in a cloak of straw and walks out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:450-pg22373-part42:e1:o4:1
# text = He wraps himself in a cloak of straw and walks out
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wraps	wrap	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cloak	cloak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	walks	walk	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wrap** | present | He | himself *= he* |  | a cloak of straw |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent himself=Theme in cloak=Destination |
| 2 | **walk out** | present | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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