---
title: Which of the following most accurately describes the means by which… — Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena th… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following most accurately describes the means by which the youngest son obtained the hand of the Princess? Exam question 1 of lesson 466 «Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena the Fair: Vanya wins the princess on his dead father's magic horse» of the books course of Mova's primary school,
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/466-pg22373-part58/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena th…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/466-pg22373-part58/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena the Fair: Vanya wins t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following most accurately describes the means by which the youngest son obtained the hand of the Princess?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** the, youngest son · **What happens:** follow, describe, mean, obtain · **To what, where:** hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 466 «Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena the Fair: Vanya wins the princess on his dead father's magic horse» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/466-pg22373-part58/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:466-pg22373-part58:e1:1
# text = Which of the following most accurately describes the means by which the youngest son obtained the hand of the Princess?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	nsubj	_	_
9	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	youngest	young	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	14	amod	_	_
14	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	obtained	obtain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Princess	princess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  |  |  |  |  | accurately *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **obtain** | past | the youngest son | the hand of the Princess |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He jumped the barrier on a borrowed horse from a merchant at the fair

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:466-pg22373-part58:e1:o1:1
# text = He jumped the barrier on a borrowed horse from a merchant at the fair
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	barrier	barrier	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	fair	fair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | past | He | the barrier |  | a merchant |  | on a borrowed horse; at the fair | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source PP.destination PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent barrier=Theme on horse=Trajectory from merchant=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **borrow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kissed her from a leap on a horse supplied by his deceased father

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:466-pg22373-part58:e1:o2:1
# text = He kissed her from a leap on a horse supplied by his deceased father
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kissed	kiss	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	leap	leap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	supplied	supply	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	deceased	decease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kiss** | past | He | her *= she* |  | a leap |  | on a horse | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Co-Agent |
| 2 | **supply** | participle |  | a horse *not said here* |  |  |  | by horse's deceased father | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **decease** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn die-42.4 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He defeated her suitors in combat and then took her to the altar after the king gave his blessing at the royal wedding feast

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:466-pg22373-part58:e1:o3:1
# text = He defeated her suitors in combat and then took her to the altar after the king gave his blessing at the royal wedding feast
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	defeated	defeat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	suitors	suitor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	combat	combat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
9	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
14	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	blessing	blessing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
23	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **defeat** | past | He | her suitors |  | combat |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **take** | past | He *not said here* |  | her *= she* |  | then | to the altar | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument she=Destination |
| 3 | **give** | past | the king | king's blessing |  | the royal wedding feast |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent blessing=Theme at feast=Asset |
| 4 | **bless** |  | king |  |  |  |  |  | nom blessing «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He danced with her at a feast on a horse lent by a neighbour

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:466-pg22373-part58:e1:o4:1
# text = He danced with her at a feast on a horse lent by a neighbour
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	danced	dance	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	lent	lend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	acl	_	_
12	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dance** | past | He |  |  | a feast |  | with her *= she*; on a horse | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at feast=Location |
| 2 | **lend** | participle |  | a horse *not said here* |  |  |  | by a neighbour | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena th…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/466-pg22373-part58/t11/)
- next →: [Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena th…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/466-pg22373-part58/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Russian Folk-Tales, Princess Helena the Fair: Vanya wins the princess on his dead father's magic horse](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/466-pg22373-part58/)