---
title: Identify the offence which, in the Clerk's estimation, merited the s… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the offence which, in the Clerk's estimation, merited the severest penalty. Exam question 1 of lesson 48 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency
---

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# Exam question 1 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the offence which, in the Clerk's estimation, merited the severest penalty.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, Clerk · **What happens:** identify, merit, estimate · **To what, where:** offence, estimation, severest penalty

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 48 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon:e1:1
# text = Identify the offence which, in the Clerk's estimation, merited the severest penalty.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	offence	offence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Clerk	Clerk	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	estimation	estimation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	merited	merit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	severest	severe	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	amod	_	_
15	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the offence |  | the Clerk's estimation |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent offence=Theme |
| 2 | **merit** | past |  | the severest penalty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **estimate** |  | the Clerk |  |  |  |  |  | nom estimation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Impertinence to the rural police, which he thought deserved the severest penalty of all

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon:e1:o1:1
# text = Impertinence to the rural police, which he thought deserved the severest penalty of all
1	Impertinence	impertinence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	rural	rural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
9	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	deserved	deserve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	severest	severe	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	13	amod	_	_
13	penalty	penalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deserve** | past · passive |  | Impertinence to the rural police |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The theft of a motor-car from an inn-yard by a respectable gentleman

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon:e1:o2:1
# text = The theft of a motor-car from an inn-yard by a respectable gentleman
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	theft	theft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	inn	inn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	yard	yard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	respectable	respectable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	gentleman	gentleman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cheeking the village constables

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon:e1:o3:1
# text = Cheeking the village constables
1	Cheeking	cheek	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	constables	constable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cheek** | gerund |  | the village constables |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Impertinence to the rural police

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon:e1:o4:1
# text = Impertinence to the rural police
1	Impertinence	impertinence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	rural	rural	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VI, part 4: Mr. Toad (the car in the inn-yard, twenty years, and the deepest dungeon)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/48-willows-ch6-part4-twenty-years-in-the-dungeon/)