--- title: ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge»… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII,… · tree and pragmatics description: ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge». What can we work out? Test 15 · ★ of lesson 49 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (Portly is missing)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/t15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII,…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/) / t15 # Test 15 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at… ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge». What can we work out? **Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** they, we · **What happens:** use, build, work out · **To what, where:** ★, bridge This is test 15 · ★ of lesson 49 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (Portly is missing)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/#t15). ## The question {#question} *Sentence 1:* ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge». ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:1 # text = ★★★ The ford was used «in by-gone days before they built the bridge». 1 ★ ★ PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj:pass _ SpaceAfter=No 2 ★ ★ X FW Foreign=Yes 1 dep _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ★ ★ ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ford ford NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 6 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 aux:pass _ _ 7 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 8 « « PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 in in ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 13 case _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 9 fixed _ SpaceAfter=No 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 gone gone ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ _ 14 before before SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 15 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 » » PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 20 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | past · passive | | ★ ★ the ford | | | day | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **build** *in a quote* | past | they | the bridge | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bridge=Product | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. *Sentence 2:* What can we work out? ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:2 # text = What can we work out? 1 What what PRON WP PronType=Int 4 obj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 4 work work VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 5 out out ADP RP _ 4 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ? ? PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **work out** | can | we | | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic | ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 {#o1} Nobody crosses at the ford any more now ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:o1:1 # text = Nobody crosses at the ford any more now 1 Nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 2 nsubj _ _ 2 crosses cross VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 at at ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ford ford NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 any any ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 7 more more ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 2 advmod _ _ 8 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cross** | present | Nobody | | | the ford | now | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2} The bridge is newer, so people cross by it now ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:o2:1 # text = The bridge is newer, so people cross by it now 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 newer new ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 6 so so ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 7 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nsubj _ _ 8 cross cross VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 advcl _ _ 9 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 10 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ _ 11 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 8 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the bridge | | | | | new *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **cross** | present | people | | | | now | by bridge | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3} The ford is closed, so no one crosses ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:o3:1 # text = The ford is closed, so no one crosses 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 ford ford NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 closed close VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 5 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 6 so so ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 7 no no DET DT PronType=Neg 8 det _ _ 8 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 crosses cross VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **close** | present · passive | | the ford | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 2 | **cross** | present | no one | | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ### Option 4 {#o4} The bridge is newer than the ford, built by villagers who wanted a dry way over the river ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing:t15:o4:1 # text = The bridge is newer than the ford, built by villagers who wanted a dry way over the river 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 4 newer new ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 0 root _ _ 5 than than ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 ford ford NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 9 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 advcl _ _ 10 by by ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 villagers villager NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ _ 12 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 13 nsubj _ _ 13 wanted want VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 acl:relcl _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 dry dry ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obj _ _ 17 over over ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | the bridge | | | | | than the ford; new *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **build** | participle | the bridge *not said here* | | | | | by villagers | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **want** | past | villagers | a dry way | | the river | | | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot way=Theme | **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII,…, test 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/t14/) - next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII,…, test 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/t16/) - ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter VII, part 1: The Piper at the Gates of Dawn (Portly is missing)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/49-willows-ch7-part1-portly-is-missing/)