---
title: By what means did Iolaus obtain the restoration of his youthful vigo… — Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did Iolaus obtain the restoration of his youthful vigour for the duration of a single day? Exam question 3 of lesson 551 «Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Thebans flee, Alcmaeon kills his mother, and the Heraclidae win at Athens» of the books course of Mova's primar
---

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# Exam question 3 · Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Theba…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did Iolaus obtain the restoration of his youthful vigour for the duration of a single day?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Iolaus · **What happens:** mean, obtain · **To what, where:** restoration

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 551 «Greek myths, Alcmaeon and the Necklace, part 57: the Thebans flee, Alcmaeon kills his mother, and the Heraclidae win at Athens» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/551-pg22381-part57/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:551-pg22381-part57:e3:1
# text = By what means did Iolaus obtain the restoration of his youthful vigour for the duration of a single day?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obl	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Iolaus	Iolaus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	obtain	obtain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	youthful	youthful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	vigour	vigour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	duration	duration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **obtain** | past · do-support | Iolaus | the restoration of Iolaus's youthful vigour |  |  |  | for the duration of a single day | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent restoration=Theme for duration=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He petitioned Zeus and Hebe at the altar before battle, and a dark cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus so that his strength returned to him

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:551-pg22381-part57:e3:o1:1
# text = He petitioned Zeus and Hebe at the altar before battle, and a dark cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus so that his strength returned to him
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	before	before	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	enveloped	envelop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	25	mark	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	fixed	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **petition** | past | He | Zeus and Hebe |  | the altar | before battle |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **envelop** | past | a dark cloud | the chariot of Hyllus |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **return** | past | cloud's strength |  | cloud |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to he=Result |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He prayed to Apollo and Hebe, and a light fell upon the field of battle

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:551-pg22381-part57:e3:o2:1
# text = He prayed to Apollo and Hebe, and a light fell upon the field of battle
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	prayed	pray	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Apollo	Apollo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
12	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pray** | past | He |  | Apollo and Hebe |  |  |  | vn long-32.2 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **fall** | past | a light |  |  | the field of battle |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme upon field=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He petitioned Zeus and Hebe after his wounds, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus while the Athenians watched from the walls of the city

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:551-pg22381-part57:e3:o3:1
# text = He petitioned Zeus and Hebe after his wounds, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus while the Athenians watched from the walls of the city
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	after	after	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	wounds	wound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	enveloped	envelop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Athenians	Athenian	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
21	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **petition** | past | He | Zeus and Hebe |  |  | after Hebe's wounds |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **envelop** | past | a cloud | the chariot of Hyllus |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme |
| 3 | **watch** | past | the Athenians |  |  | the walls of the city |  |  | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **wound** |  | Hebe |  |  |  |  |  | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He petitioned Zeus and Hebe, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:551-pg22381-part57:e3:o4:1
# text = He petitioned Zeus and Hebe, and a cloud enveloped the chariot of Hyllus
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	petitioned	petition	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Zeus	Zeus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	Hebe	Hebe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	enveloped	envelop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	chariot	chariot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	Hyllus	Hyllus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **petition** | past | He | Zeus and Hebe |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **envelop** | past | a cloud | the chariot of Hyllus |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme chariot=Co-Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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