---
title: By which means did the comrades of Odysseus escape from the cave of… — Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Ody… · tree and pragmatics
description: By which means did the comrades of Odysseus escape from the cave of the giant? Exam question 2 of lesson 558 «Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Odysseus blinds Polyphemus, escapes the winds and the Laestrygones, and meets Circe» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Exam question 2 · Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Odysseus blinds Polyphe…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By which means did the comrades of Odysseus escape from the cave of the giant?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** comrades · **What happens:** mean, do, escape · **To what, where:** cave · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 558 «Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Odysseus blinds Polyphemus, escapes the winds and the Laestrygones, and meets Circe» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/558-pg22381-part64/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:558-pg22381-part64:e2:1
# text = By which means did the comrades of Odysseus escape from the cave of the giant?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	comrades	comrade	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Odysseus	Odysseus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	escape	escape	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	giant	giant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **escape** | present | the comrades of Odysseus |  |  | the cave of the giant |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from cave=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by the door

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:558-pg22381-part64:e2:o1:1
# text = by the door
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by hanging on the sheep's wool

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:558-pg22381-part64:e2:o2:1
# text = by hanging on the sheep's wool
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	wool	wool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | gerund |  |  |  | the sheep's wool |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on wool=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by slipping under the flock

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:558-pg22381-part64:e2:o3:1
# text = by slipping under the flock
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	slipping	slip	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	flock	flock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **slip** | gerund |  |  |  | the flock |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by clinging beneath the sheep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:558-pg22381-part64:e2:o4:1
# text = by clinging beneath the sheep
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	clinging	cling	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cling** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | beneath the sheep | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme beneath sheep=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Ody…, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/558-pg22381-part64/e1/)
- next →: [Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Ody…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/558-pg22381-part64/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Greek Myths, The Odyssey, part 64: Odysseus blinds Polyphemus, escapes the winds and the Laestrygones, and meets Circe](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/558-pg22381-part64/)