---
title: «Swallows are just nesh, innit, they can't hack a bit of cold.» (nes… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: «Swallows are just nesh, innit, they can't hack a bit of cold.» (nesh = feeling the cold easily) What's the real reason? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 57 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All (the swallows and the call of the South)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with th
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Swallows are just nesh, innit, they can't hack a bit of cold.» (nesh = feeling the cold easily) What's the real reason?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Swallows, nesh · **What happens:** be, not hack, feel · **To what, where:** bit, cold, real reason

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 57 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All (the swallows and the call of the South)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Swallows are just nesh, innit, they can't hack a bit of cold.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:1
# text = «Swallows are just nesh, innit, they can't hack a bit of cold.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	just	just	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	nesh	nesh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	innit	innit	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	hack	hack	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | Swallows |  |  |  |  | nesh *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **hack** *in a quote* | can | Swallows *= swallow* | a bit of cold |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bit=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (nesh = feeling the cold easily) What's the real reason?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:2
# text = (nesh = feeling the cold easily) What's the real reason?
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	nesh	nesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	4	punct	_	_
4	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
7	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	6	punct	_	_
9	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | gerund | nesh *not said here* | the cold |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | the real reason |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cold shrinks their feathers and blood

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:o1:1
# text = The cold shrinks their feathers and blood
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shrinks	shrink	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	blood	blood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shrink** | present | the cold | their feathers and blood |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent feather=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat, so the swallows leave every year before the frost

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:o2:1
# text = In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat, so the swallows leave every year before the frost
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
7	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
16	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	17	det	_	_
17	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
18	before	before	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	frost	frost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | no flying insects |  |  | there | winter |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | no flying insects *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **leave** | present | the swallows |  |  | the frost | year |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent before frost=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:o3:1
# text = In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
7	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | no flying insects |  |  | there | winter |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | no flying insects *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat, and their small bodies need warm air to fly

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows:t1:o4:1
# text = In winter there are almost no flying insects to eat, and their small bodies need warm air to fly
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
7	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	bodies	body	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **does** | present | no flying insects |  |  | there | winter |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **eat** | to-infinitive | no flying insects *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **need** | present | insects's small bodies | warm air |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot air=Theme |
| 5 | **fly** | to-infinitive | insects's small bodies *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/56-willows-ch9-part1-change-in-the-air/e4/)
- next →: [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p…, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows/t2/)
- ↑ back to [The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 2: Wayfarers All (the swallows and the call of the South)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/57-willows-ch9-part2-the-swallows/)