---
title: Why does the Water Rat answer «without his usual whole-hearted convi… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, p… · tree and pragmatics
description: Why does the Water Rat answer «without his usual whole-hearted conviction»? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 58 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Why does the Water Rat answer «without his usual whole-hearted conviction»?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Water Rat, Rat · **What happens:** answer, convict · **To what, where:** usual hearted conviction

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 58 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter IX, part 3: Wayfarers All (the Sea Rat from Constantinople)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat:t4:1
# text = Why does the Water Rat answer «without his usual whole-hearted conviction»?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	Water	Water	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	answer	answer	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
10	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
11	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	hearted	hearted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	conviction	conviction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **answer** *speech: assert* | present · do-support | the Water Rat | Rat's usual hearted conviction |  |  |  |  | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent conviction=Eventuality |
| 2 | **convict** *in a quote* |  | Rat |  |  |  |  |  | nom conviction «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The stranger has already stirred a longing in him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat:t4:o1:1
# text = The stranger has already stirred a longing in him
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	already	already	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	longing	longing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | present · perfect · passive |  | the stranger |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer longing=Result |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He has already decided to join the stranger on his walk south along the lane tomorrow morning at dawn

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat:t4:o2:1
# text = He has already decided to join the stranger on his walk south along the lane tomorrow morning at dawn
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	already	already	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	decided	decide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	join	join	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	walk	walk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	south	south	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	along	along	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	lane	lane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
16	tomorrow	tomorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | present · perfect | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **join** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the stranger |  | his walk | dawn; morning |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stranger=Patient |
| 3 | **walk** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom walk «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallows have already stirred a longing in him, and he cannot even say why the sea calls so strongly

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat:t4:o3:1
# text = The swallows have already stirred a longing in him, and he cannot even say why the sea calls so strongly
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	already	already	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	longing	longing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
13	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
15	even	even	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
17	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	calls	call	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	strongly	strongly	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | present · perfect · passive |  | the swallows |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer longing=Result |
| 2 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | can | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **call** | present | the sea |  |  |  |  | strongly *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallows have already stirred a longing in him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:58-willows-ch9-part3-the-sea-rat:t4:o4:1
# text = The swallows have already stirred a longing in him
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	already	already	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	stirred	stir	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	longing	longing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stir** | present · perfect · passive |  | the swallows |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Experiencer longing=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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