---
title: Danny, rough: "Hold your tongue, Ma!" Who says this, and to whom? — Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part… · tree and pragmatics
description: Danny, rough: "Hold your tongue, Ma!" Who says this, and to whom? Test 7 · ★★ of lesson 6 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 2: Prizes, a long tale, and Dinah again» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's 
---

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# Test 7 · ★★ · Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 2: Prizes, a long t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Danny, rough: "Hold your tongue, Ma!" Who says this, and to whom?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **What happens:** hold, say · **To what, where:** tongue, this · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 6 «Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 2: Prizes, a long tale, and Dinah again» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Danny, rough: "Hold your tongue, Ma!"

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:1
# text = Danny, rough: "Hold your tongue, Ma!"
1	Danny	Danny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	rough	rough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
5	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	Hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	Ma	Ma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | your tongue |  |  |  | Ma *vocative* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Who says this, and to whom?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:2
# text = Who says this, and to whom?
1	Who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent this=Topic to whom=Recipient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Mouse, to the old Crab

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:o1:1
# text = The Mouse, to the old Crab
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Crab	Crab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Dodo, to the young Crab and her mother at the shore

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:o2:1
# text = The Dodo, to the young Crab and her mother at the shore
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Dodo	Dodo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Crab	Crab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The young Crab, to her mother

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:o3:1
# text = The young Crab, to her mother
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Crab	Crab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The young Crab, to her mother, after the advice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale:t7:o4:1
# text = The young Crab, to her mother, after the advice
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Crab	Crab	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Alice in Wonderland, chapter III, part 2: Prizes, a long tale, and Dinah again](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/6-alice-ch3-part2-a-long-tale/)