---
title: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the barge-woman's opinion of Toad? Exam question 4 of lesson 61 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 1: The Further Adventures of Toad (free, the canal and the barge-woman's washing)» of the books course of Mo
---

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# Exam question 4 · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 1: The Further Ad…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the barge-woman's opinion of Toad?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** established facts, barge woman · **What happens:** follow, be, establish, concern, opine · **To what, where:** opinion, Toad

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 61 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 1: The Further Adventures of Toad (free, the canal and the barge-woman's washing)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the barge-woman's opinion of Toad?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	barge	barge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the barge woman's opinion of Toad |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus opinion=Experiencer |
| 5 | **opine** |  | the barge woman | Toad |  |  |  |  | nom opinion «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She had suspected him of being a humbug from the outset, owing to his conceited manner of speech

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman:e4:o1:1
# text = She had suspected him of being a humbug from the outset, owing to his conceited manner of speech
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	suspected	suspect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	humbug	humbug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	outset	outset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	owing	owe	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	conceited	conceited	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **suspect** | past · perfect · passive |  | She |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Theme he=Attribute |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | the outset |  | of a humbug | tree rules |
| 3 | **owe** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to his conceited manner of speech *goal* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent to manner=Goal |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She had known from the first moment that he was a humbug, and had laughed at him all the way along the canal

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman:e4:o2:1
# text = She had known from the first moment that he was a humbug, and had laughed at him all the way along the canal
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	humbug	humbug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	parataxis	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
19	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	21	det:predet	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
22	along	along	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	canal	canal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past · perfect | She | all way |  |  | moment | along the canal | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **is a** | past | he | a humbug |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **laugh** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  | at him *= he* | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She accepted his washerwoman story at once, but grew suspicious only when his manner of speech seemed too grand

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman:e4:o3:1
# text = She accepted his washerwoman story at once, but grew suspicious only when his manner of speech seemed too grand
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	accepted	accept	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	washerwoman	washerwoman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	suspicious	suspicious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
12	only	only	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
19	too	too	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** | past | She | his washerwoman story |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme |
| 2 | **grow** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  | suspicious *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **seem** | past | his manner of speech |  |  |  |  | grand *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She found out at the lock that he was a prisoner, and then she helped him run away from the police

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:61-willows-ch10-part1-the-barge-woman:e4:o4:1
# text = She found out at the lock that he was a prisoner, and then she helped him run away from the police
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lock	lock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	prisoner	prisoner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	16	advmod	_	_
15	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	run	run	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	away	away	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find out** | past | She |  |  | the lock |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past | he | a prisoner |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **help** | past | she | him *= he* |  |  | then |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 4 | **run away** | infinitive | him *= he* *not said here* |  |  | the police |  | away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from police=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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