---
title: Which of the following is the reason, as stated in the passage, that… — Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following is the reason, as stated in the passage, that Tom went out at dawn? Exam question 1 of lesson 637 «Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5: Tom feeds a hurt dragon and the prize is eaten» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the
---

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# Exam question 1 · Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5: Tom feeds a hurt dra…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following is the reason, as stated in the passage, that Tom went out at dawn?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Tom · **What happens:** follow, be, state, go out · **To what, where:** reason, passage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 637 «Rotundia, Tom and the Dragon, part 5: Tom feeds a hurt dragon and the prize is eaten» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/637-pg23661-part5/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:637-pg23661-part5:e1:1
# text = Which of the following is the reason, as stated in the passage, that Tom went out at dawn?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	case	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	stated	state	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
16	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	dawn	dawn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the reason | tree rules |
| 3 | **state** *speech: other* | participle |  | the reason *not said here* |  | the passage |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **go out** | past | Tom |  |  |  | dawn |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wished to see the dragon's large wing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:637-pg23661-part5:e1:o1:1
# text = He wished to see the dragon's large wing
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **see** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the dragon's large wing |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wing=Stimulus |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wanted to check the old ships

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:637-pg23661-part5:e1:o2:1
# text = He wanted to check the old ships
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wanted	want	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	check	check	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **want** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **check** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the old ships |  |  |  |  | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wished to ascertain whether the dragon had eaten the lapdog and the buns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:637-pg23661-part5:e1:o3:1
# text = He wished to ascertain whether the dragon had eaten the lapdog and the buns
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	dragon	dragon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	lapdog	lapdog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	buns	bun	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **ascertain** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **eat** | past · perfect · passive |  | the dragon |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wished to ascertain the cause of the barking

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:637-pg23661-part5:e1:o4:1
# text = He wished to ascertain the cause of the barking
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	barking	barking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V for NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **ascertain** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | the cause of the barking |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cause=Topic |
| 3 | **cause** |  |  | the barking |  |  |  |  | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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