---
title: Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said… — The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze. Is Toad still «possessed» here? Test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the 
---

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# Test 13 · ★★★ · The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Ad…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze. Is Toad still «possessed» here?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Rat, new craze · **What happens:** look back, say, possess, be · **To what, where:** Toad · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 13 · ★★★ of lesson 64 «The Wind in the Willows, chapter X, part 4: The Further Adventures of Toad (the horse-pond, the chase and a face in the bank)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond/#t13).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:1
# text = Looking back: in chapter II, after the first motor-car, the Rat said Toad was «possessed» by a new craze.
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
2	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	chapter	chapter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	II	II	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	5	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	after	after	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	amod	_	_
11	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Rat	Rat	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
20	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	possessed	possess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	craze	craze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look back** | gerund | the Rat *not said here* |  |  |  | after the first motor car | in chapter | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chapter=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the Rat |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **possess** *in a quote* | past · passive | a new craze | Toad |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Is Toad still «possessed» here?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:2
# text = Is Toad still «possessed» here?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
2	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	possessed	possess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
7	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Toad |  | here | still | possess *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Partly — he now only thinks of boats

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:o1:1
# text = Partly — he now only thinks of boats
1	Partly	partly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
2	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	thinks	think	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **think** *speech: other* | present | he |  |  |  | now | of boats; partly *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes — even in hiding he cannot resist asking to drive

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:o2:1
# text = Yes — even in hiding he cannot resist asking to drive
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	_
2	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	even	even	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
4	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	resist	resist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	xcomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **resist** | can | he |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **drive** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, but only in his dreams, since he has promised Badger to give up motor-cars while hiding in the wood

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:o3:1
# text = Yes, but only in his dreams, since he has promised Badger to give up motor-cars while hiding in the wood
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	7	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	promised	promise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	_
13	Badger	Badger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	xcomp	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	motor	motor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
20	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	advcl	_	_
22	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | present · perfect | he | his dreams *not said here* | Badger |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent badger=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **give up** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | he *not said here* | motor cars |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent car=Source |
| 3 | **hide** | gerund | he *not said here* |  |  | the wood |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in wood=Location |
| 4 | **dream** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom dream «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, he has entirely given up his craze, and now he is quite content to sit quietly in the hiding place

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:64-willows-ch10-part4-into-the-horse-pond:t13:o4:1
# text = No, he has entirely given up his craze, and now he is quite content to sit quietly in the hiding place
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	craze	craze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	16	advmod	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	content	content	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	advcl	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	sit	sit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	quietly	quietly	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	hiding	hiding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give up** | present · perfect · passive |  | he |  |  |  | entirely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  | now | content *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sit** | to-infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  | the hiding place |  | quietly *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in place=Location |
| 4 | **craze** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom craze «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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