---
title: What is the principal lesson concerning deception and perception tha… — Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Yout… · tree and pragmatics
description: What is the principal lesson concerning deception and perception that this part of the tale conveys to the reader? Exam question 4 of lesson 672 «Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Youth, part 12: the youth solves three riddles and outwits the Sultan's witch» of the books course of Mova's primary sch
---

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# Exam question 4 · Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Youth, part 12: the yout…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What is the principal lesson concerning deception and perception that this part of the tale conveys to the reader?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** principal lesson, part · **What happens:** be, concern, convey · **To what, where:** deception, reader

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 672 «Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Youth, part 12: the youth solves three riddles and outwits the Sultan's witch» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/672-pg2435-part12/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:672-pg2435-part12:e4:1
# text = What is the principal lesson concerning deception and perception that this part of the tale conveys to the reader?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
6	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	deception	deception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	perception	perception	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	conveys	convey	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	advcl	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	reader	reader	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the principal lesson |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **concern** | gerund | the principal lesson *not said here* | deception and perception |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus deception=Experiencer |
| 3 | **convey** | present | this part of the tale |  | the reader |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to reader=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
magic alone decides every contest of wit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:672-pg2435-part12:e4:o1:1
# text = magic alone decides every contest of wit
1	magic	magic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	decides	decide	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	contest	contest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | present | magic | every contest of wit |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent contest=Topic |
| 2 | **contest** |  |  | wit |  |  |  |  | nom contest «event transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
cleverness and planning can defeat the cruel schemes of the powerful

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:672-pg2435-part12:e4:o2:1
# text = cleverness and planning can defeat the cruel schemes of the powerful
1	cleverness	cleverness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	planning	planning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	defeat	defeat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	schemes	scheme	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	powerful	powerful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **defeat** | can | cleverness and planning | the cruel schemes of the powerful |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
wealth and armies always win in the end

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:672-pg2435-part12:e4:o3:1
# text = wealth and armies always win in the end
1	wealth	wealth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	armies	army	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	win	win	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **win** | present | wealth and armies |  |  |  | in the end | always *property* | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent in end=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
obedience to a ruler is the highest virtue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:672-pg2435-part12:e4:o4:1
# text = obedience to a ruler is the highest virtue
1	obedience	obedience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ruler	ruler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	8	amod	_	_
8	virtue	virtue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | obedience to a ruler | the highest virtue |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Yout…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/672-pg2435-part12/e3/)
- next →: [Magyar Folk Tales, The Prince And The…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/673-pg2435-part13/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Hungarian Fairy Tales, The Clever Youth, part 12: the youth solves three riddles and outwits the Sultan's witch](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/672-pg2435-part12/)