---
title: By what means did the old man recommend that Tiidu should earn his l… — Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper,… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the old man recommend that Tiidu should earn his livelihood? Exam question 3 of lesson 677 «Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper, part 17: a wise maiden is carried off, and lazy Tiidu finds his pipes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragma
---

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# Exam question 3 · Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper, part 17: a wise maid…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the old man recommend that Tiidu should earn his livelihood?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** old man, Tiidu · **What happens:** mean, recommend, earn · **To what, where:** livelihood

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 677 «Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper, part 17: a wise maiden is carried off, and lazy Tiidu finds his pipes» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/677-pg2435-part17/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:677-pg2435-part17:e3:1
# text = By what means did the old man recommend that Tiidu should earn his livelihood?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	8	obl	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	recommend	recommend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	Tiidu	Tiidu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	earn	earn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	ccomp	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **recommend** | past · do-support | the old man |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **earn** | should | Tiidu | Tiidu's livelihood |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livelihood=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by traveling from village to village playing for coins in the square

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:677-pg2435-part17:e3:o1:1
# text = by traveling from village to village playing for coins in the square
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	traveling	travel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	playing	play	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	conj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | gerund |  |  |  | village |  | to village | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to village=Destination |
| 2 | **play** | gerund |  |  |  | the square |  | for coins | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent for coin=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by playing pipes for payment

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:677-pg2435-part17:e3:o2:1
# text = by playing pipes for payment
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	0	root	_	_
3	pipes	pipe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **play** | gerund |  | pipes |  |  |  | for payment | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent pipe=Theme for payment=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by selling bread at the market

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:677-pg2435-part17:e3:o3:1
# text = by selling bread at the market
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	selling	sell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	market	market	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | gerund |  | bread |  | the market |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent bread=Theme at market=Asset |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by working in the lord's fields

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:677-pg2435-part17:e3:o4:1
# text = by working in the lord's fields
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	working	work	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | in the lord's fields | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in field=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper,…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/677-pg2435-part17/e2/)
- next →: [Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper,…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/677-pg2435-part17/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Europe's Fairy Book, Tiidu the Piper, part 17: a wise maiden is carried off, and lazy Tiidu finds his pipes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/677-pg2435-part17/)