---
title: Explain the function of the old man's concluding reproach within the… — Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: T… · tree and pragmatics
description: Explain the function of the old man's concluding reproach within the structure of the narrative. Exam question 3 of lesson 678 «Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: Tiidu sails to Kungla and becomes a scullion» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: Tiidu sails to Kungla…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Explain the function of the old man's concluding reproach within the structure of the narrative.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** explain, conclude · **To what, where:** function

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 678 «Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: Tiidu sails to Kungla and becomes a scullion» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/678-pg2435-part18/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:678-pg2435-part18:e3:1
# text = Explain the function of the old man's concluding reproach within the structure of the narrative.
1	Explain	explain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	function	function	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	concluding	conclude	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	amod	_	_
10	reproach	reproach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
11	within	within	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	narrative	narrative	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **explain** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* | the function of the old man's concluding reproach |  |  |  | within the structure of the narrative | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent function=Topic |
| 2 | **conclude** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It mocks Tiidu's greed and presents his decision as a plain blunder

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:678-pg2435-part18:e3:o1:1
# text = It mocks Tiidu's greed and presents his decision as a plain blunder
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mocks	mock	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Tiidu	Tiidu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	greed	greed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	presents	present	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	blunder	blunder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mock** | present | It | Tiidu's greed |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greed=Theme |
| 2 | **present** | present |  | Tiidu's decision |  |  |  | as a plain blunder | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decision=Theme |
| 3 | **decide** |  | Tiidu |  |  |  |  |  | nom decision «act transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It praises Tiidu's wit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:678-pg2435-part18:e3:o2:1
# text = It praises Tiidu's wit
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	praises	praise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Tiidu	Tiidu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	wit	wit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **praise** | present | It | Tiidu's wit |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wit=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It mocks Tiidu

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:678-pg2435-part18:e3:o3:1
# text = It mocks Tiidu
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	mocks	mock	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Tiidu	Tiidu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mock** | present | It | Tiidu |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tiidu=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It condemns Tiidu's folly and frames his choice as a loss

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:678-pg2435-part18:e3:o4:1
# text = It condemns Tiidu's folly and frames his choice as a loss
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	condemns	condemn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Tiidu	Tiidu	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	folly	folly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	frames	frame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	choice	choice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	loss	loss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **condemn** | present | It | Tiidu's folly and frames |  |  |  | as a loss | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: T…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/678-pg2435-part18/e2/)
- next →: [Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: T…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/678-pg2435-part18/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Estonian Folk Tales, Tiidu, part 18: Tiidu sails to Kungla and becomes a scullion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/678-pg2435-part18/)