---
title: By what means did the prince obtain lodging in the desert? — Lang's fairy book, Paperarello, part 2… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the prince obtain lodging in the desert? Exam question 1 of lesson 681 «Lang's fairy book, Paperarello, part 21: a magic curl gives the prince a castle, bread and a battle win» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and
---

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# Exam question 1 · Lang's fairy book, Paperarello, part 21: a magic curl give…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the prince obtain lodging in the desert?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** mean, do, obtain, lodge · **To what, where:** prince, desert · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 681 «Lang's fairy book, Paperarello, part 21: a magic curl gives the prince a castle, bread and a battle win» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/681-pg2435-part21/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:681-pg2435-part21:e1:1
# text = By what means did the prince obtain lodging in the desert?
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prince	prince	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	obtain	obtain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	lodging	lodge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	desert	desert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the prince |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prince=Eventuality |
| 3 | **obtain** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lodge** | gerund |  |  |  | the desert |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in desert=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He wished a cottage into being with the help of a bird

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:681-pg2435-part21:e1:o1:1
# text = He wished a cottage into being with the help of a bird
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wished	wish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	cop	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	help	help	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wish** | past | He | a cottage |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cottage=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  | the help |  | of a bird | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He summoned a castle by means of the fairy's lock of hair

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:681-pg2435-part21:e1:o2:1
# text = He summoned a castle by means of the fairy's lock of hair
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	summoned	summon	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	nsubj	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	fairy	fairy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	lock	lock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **summon** | past | He | a castle |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent castle=Recipient |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the fairy's lock of hair | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He asked a passing merchant to host him for the night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:681-pg2435-part21:e1:o3:1
# text = He asked a passing merchant to host him for the night
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	passing	pass	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	host	host	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
8	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | He | a passing merchant |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent merchant=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **pass** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **host** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  | him *= he* |  | night |  | vn captain-29.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was given lodging by a kindly genie who lived under the dunes and had heard of his plight from the wind

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:681-pg2435-part21:e1:o4:1
# text = He was given lodging by a kindly genie who lived under the dunes and had heard of his plight from the wind
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	lodging	lodge	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	genie	genie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	under	under	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	dunes	dune	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	plight	plight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lodge** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | by a genie | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by genie=Destination |
| 3 | **live** | past | a genie |  |  | the dunes |  |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under dune=Location |
| 4 | **hear** | past · perfect |  |  |  | the wind |  | of his plight | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.theme PP.source»: agent=Agent of plight=Theme from wind=Source |
| 5 | **plight** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom plight «state transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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