---
title: Which of the following identifies the figure of speech used when the… — Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the Kin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following identifies the figure of speech used when the herdsman's bells are described as ringing softly from above? Exam question 3 of lesson 703 «Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 43: the youth hides the pigs and sheep and tricks the herdsman» of the books cours
---

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# Exam question 3 · Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 4…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following identifies the figure of speech used when the herdsman's bells are described as ringing softly from above?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, be, use, describe, ring · **To what, where:** speech, bells

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 703 «Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 43: the youth hides the pigs and sheep and tricks the herdsman» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/703-pg2435-part43/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:703-pg2435-part43:e3:1
# text = Which of the following identifies the figure of speech used when the herdsman's bells are described as ringing softly from above?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	case	_	_
5	identifies	identify	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	figure	figure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	speech	speech	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	17	mark	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	described	describe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
18	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	ringing	ring	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	softly	softly	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	above	above	ADV	RB	_	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the figure; of speech | tree rules |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  | speech *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **describe** | present · passive |  | the herdsman's bells |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme |
| 5 | **ring** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | softly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Simile comparing bells to birds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:703-pg2435-part43:e3:o1:1
# text = Simile comparing bells to birds
1	Simile	simile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	comparing	compare	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	acl	_	_
3	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | gerund | Simile *not said here* | bells |  |  |  | to birds | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bell=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Imagery that evokes sound from an unseen source

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:703-pg2435-part43:e3:o2:1
# text = Imagery that evokes sound from an unseen source
1	Imagery	imagery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	evokes	evoke	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	unseen	unseen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evoke** | present | Imagery | sound |  | a unseen source |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Imagery that evokes sound from an unseen source, placed above the speaker's head on the rock

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:703-pg2435-part43:e3:o3:1
# text = Imagery that evokes sound from an unseen source, placed above the speaker's head on the rock
1	Imagery	imagery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	evokes	evoke	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	unseen	unseen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	source	source	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	placed	place	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
11	above	above	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	speaker	speaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **evoke** | present | Imagery | sound |  | a unseen source |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **place** | participle |  | a unseen source *not said here* |  | the speaker's head on the rock |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent above head=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Metaphor that compares the herdsman to a ringing bell

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:703-pg2435-part43:e3:o4:1
# text = Metaphor that compares the herdsman to a ringing bell
1	Metaphor	metaphor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	compares	compare	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	herdsman	herdsman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	ringing	ringing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bell	bell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compare** | present | Metaphor | the herdsman |  |  |  | to a ringing bell | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herdsman=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the Kin…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/703-pg2435-part43/e2/)
- next →: [Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the Kin…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/703-pg2435-part43/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Folk Tales, The Lazy Youth and the King's Herdsman, part 43: the youth hides the pigs and sheep and tricks the herdsman](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/703-pg2435-part43/)