---
title: By what means did Niels succeed in gaining the top of the rampart? — Danish Fairy and Folk Tales, Rasmus an… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did Niels succeed in gaining the top of the rampart? Exam question 3 of lesson 709 «Danish Fairy and Folk Tales, Rasmus and Niels, part 49: Niels shoots at three giants and is caught» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Danish Fairy and Folk Tales, Rasmus and Niels, part 49: Ni…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did Niels succeed in gaining the top of the rampart?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Niels · **What happens:** mean, succeed, gain · **To what, where:** top

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 709 «Danish Fairy and Folk Tales, Rasmus and Niels, part 49: Niels shoots at three giants and is caught» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/709-pg2435-part49/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:709-pg2435-part49:e3:1
# text = By what means did Niels succeed in gaining the top of the rampart?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obl	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	Niels	Niels	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	succeed	succeed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	gaining	gain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	rampart	rampart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **succeed** | past · do-support | Niels |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **gain** | gerund | Niels *not said here* | the top of the rampart |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent top=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was lifted by a rope and pulley

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:709-pg2435-part49:e3:o1:1
# text = He was lifted by a rope and pulley
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	pulley	pulley	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lift** | past · passive | a rope and pulley | He |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was thrown upward by a giant

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:709-pg2435-part49:e3:o2:1
# text = He was thrown upward by a giant
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	upward	upward	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	giant	giant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | upward *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ladder helped him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:709-pg2435-part49:e3:o3:1
# text = A ladder helped him
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ladder	ladder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | a ladder |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He climbed up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:709-pg2435-part49:e3:o4:1
# text = He climbed up
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb up** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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