---
title: State, in accordance with established zoology, the structure by whic… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1:… · tree and pragmatics
description: State, in accordance with established zoology, the structure by which the largest whales filter their sustenance. Exam question 4 of lesson 74 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 4 · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got hi…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State, in accordance with established zoology, the structure by which the largest whales filter their sustenance.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** largest whales · **What happens:** establish, filter · **To what, where:** sustenance

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 74 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 1: How the Whale got his Throat» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/74-justso-whale-throat/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:74-justso-whale-throat:e4:1
# text = State, in accordance with established zoology, the structure by which the largest whales filter their sustenance.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	accordance	accordance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	zoology	zoology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	structure	structure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	by	by	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	15	amod	_	_
15	whales	whale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
16	filter	filter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
17	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	sustenance	sustenance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **filter** | present | the largest whales | whales's sustenance |  |  |  | by the structure | vn wipe\_instr-10.4.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent sustenance=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gills lined with strong fine hairs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:74-justso-whale-throat:e4:o1:1
# text = Gills lined with strong fine hairs
1	Gills	gill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	lined	line	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	fine	fine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hairs	hair	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **line** | participle |  | Gills *not said here* |  |  |  | with strong fine hairs | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with hair=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plates of baleen situated within the mouth and attached to the upper jaw

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:74-justso-whale-throat:e4:o2:1
# text = Plates of baleen situated within the mouth and attached to the upper jaw
1	Plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	baleen	baleen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	attached	attach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	jaw	jaw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | participle | Plates of baleen |  |  |  |  | within the mouth | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **attach** | participle | Plates of baleen *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the upper jaw | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to jaw=Co-Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Plates of baleen situated within the mouth

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:74-justso-whale-throat:e4:o3:1
# text = Plates of baleen situated within the mouth
1	Plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	baleen	baleen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	situated	situate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **situate** | participle | Plates of baleen |  |  |  |  | within the mouth | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enormous stomachs and a muscular gullet capable of holding a whole raft

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:74-justso-whale-throat:e4:o4:1
# text = Enormous stomachs and a muscular gullet capable of holding a whole raft
1	Enormous	enormous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	stomachs	stomach	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	muscular	muscular	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	gullet	gullet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
7	capable	capable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	raft	raft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | a whole raft |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raft=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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