---
title: Ascertain the substance introduced by the Parsee into the skin of th… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the substance introduced by the Parsee into the skin of the Rhinoceros. Exam question 2 of lesson 76 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each opt
---

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# Exam question 2 · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros g…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the substance introduced by the Parsee into the skin of the Rhinoceros.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, introduce · **To what, where:** substance, skin

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 76 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/76-justso-rhinoceros-skin/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:e2:1
# text = Ascertain the substance introduced by the Parsee into the skin of the Rhinoceros.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	introduced	introduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Parsee	Parsee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	into	into	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Rhinoceros	Rhinoceros	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the substance |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent substance=Topic |
| 2 | **introduce** | participle |  | the substance *not said here* |  | the skin of the Rhinoceros |  | by the Parsee | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fresh cream and sweet berries

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:e2:o1:1
# text = Fresh cream and sweet berries
1	Fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	sweet	sweet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Hot sand, sharp stones, fresh cream, and a few very burned currants

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:e2:o2:1
# text = Hot sand, sharp stones, fresh cream, and a few very burned currants
1	Hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	sharp	sharp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
13	very	very	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	currants	currant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stale cake-crumbs and burned currants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:e2:o3:1
# text = Stale cake-crumbs and burned currants
1	Stale	stale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
6	burned	burn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	currants	currant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | past | Stale cake crumbs | currants |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent currant=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stale cake-crumbs, burned currants and some old sticks from the palm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:e2:o4:1
# text = Stale cake-crumbs, burned currants and some old sticks from the palm
1	Stale	stale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	burned	burn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	currants	currant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	sticks	stick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | past | Stale cake crumbs | currants and some old sticks |  | the palm |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent currant=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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