---
title: Tom says rhinos have folded skin because of cake-crumbs. What would… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Tom says rhinos have folded skin because of cake-crumbs. What would a zookeeper say? Test 8 · ★ of lesson 76 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Test 8 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros g…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tom says rhinos have folded skin because of cake-crumbs. What would a zookeeper say?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Tom, rhinos, zookeeper · **What happens:** say, fold · **To what, where:** skin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 76 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 3: How the Rhinoceros got his Skin» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/76-justso-rhinoceros-skin/#t8).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Tom says rhinos have folded skin because of cake-crumbs.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:1
# text = Tom says rhinos have folded skin because of cake-crumbs.
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	rhinos	rhino	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	folded	fold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Tom |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **fold** | present · perfect | rhinos | skin |  |  |  | because cake crumbs | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent skin=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would a zookeeper say?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:2
# text = What would a zookeeper say?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	zookeeper	zookeeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | would | a zookeeper |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The folds are from cake

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:o1:1
# text = The folds are from cake
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	folds	fold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the folds |  |  | cake |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The folds come from crumbs inside

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:o2:1
# text = The folds come from crumbs inside
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	folds	fold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the folds |  |  | crumbs |  | inside *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from crumb=Initial\_Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The folds grow naturally and help the rhino bend and move

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:o3:1
# text = The folds grow naturally and help the rhino bend and move
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	folds	fold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	naturally	naturally	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rhino	rhino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	move	move	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | the folds |  |  |  |  | naturally *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **help** | infinitive | the folds *not said here* | the rhino |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent rhino=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **bend** | infinitive | the rhino *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **move** | infinitive | the rhino *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Folds come from rubbing on trees

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:76-justso-rhinoceros-skin:t8:o4:1
# text = Folds come from rubbing on trees
1	Folds	fold	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	rubbing	rub	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Folds |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **rub** | gerund | Folds *not said here* |  |  | trees |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on tree=Destination |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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