---
title: Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja." ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.) Why was he so hard to see there? Test 2 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the fore
---

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# Test 2 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja." ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.) Why was he so hard to see there?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Mia Gen Z, Leopard, Z, he · **What happens:** be, give, look · **To what, where:** ninja, highkey

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:1
# text = Mia, Gen Z: "Leopard on the veldt was highkey invisible, it's giving ninja."
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	Gen	Gen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Z	z	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Leopard	leopard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	veldt	veldt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	highkey	highkey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	invisible	invisible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	parataxis	_	_
18	ninja	ninja	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | past | Mia Gen Z |  |  |  |  | invisible *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **give** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Leopard | ninja |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ninja=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.)

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:2
# text = ("highkey" = very obviously, "it's giving" = it looks like.)
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	highkey	highkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	7	punct	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	obviously	obviously	ADV	RB	_	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	=	=	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	looks	look	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** *in a quote* | present · progressive | Z | highkey *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent highkey=Theme |
| 2 | **look** | present | Z |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* Why was he so hard to see there?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:3
# text = Why was he so hard to see there?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | he |  |  | there |  | hard, see *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He could make himself small like a rock-rabbit at will

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:o1:1
# text = He could make himself small like a rock-rabbit at will
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	rabbit	rabbit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | could | He | himself *= he* |  |  |  | like a rock rabbit; small *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Product |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He hid behind Baviaan, who was much bigger than him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:o2:1
# text = He hid behind Baviaan, who was much bigger than him
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Baviaan	Baviaan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	much	much	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
10	than	than	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hide** | past | He | Baviaan |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baviaan=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | past | Baviaan |  |  |  |  | than Baviaan; big *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His colour matched the sand, rocks and grass exactly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:o3:1
# text = His colour matched the sand, rocks and grass exactly
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	matched	match	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
10	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **match** | past | His colour | the sand and rocks and grass |  |  |  | exactly *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sand=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He only ever came out to hunt in the middle of night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t2:o4:1
# text = He only ever came out to hunt in the middle of night
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	out	out	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | past | He |  |  |  | ever | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* |  |  | the middle of night |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in middle=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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