---
title: Freddie says: "Giraffes got patches from standing under trees, my bo… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:… · tree and pragmatics
description: Freddie says: "Giraffes got patches from standing under trees, my book says so." Put him right. Test 7 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Freddie says: "Giraffes got patches from standing under trees, my book says so." Put him right.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Freddie, Giraffes, book, you · **What happens:** say, get, stand, put · **To what, where:** patches, trees, book · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 77 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 1 (the game goes into the forest)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/77-justso-leopard-spots-1/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Freddie says: "Giraffes got patches from standing under trees, my book says so."

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:1
# text = Freddie says: "Giraffes got patches from standing under trees, my book says so."
1	Freddie	Freddie	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	patches	patch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
10	under	under	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Freddie |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | past | Giraffes | patches |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer patch=Stimulus |
| 3 | **stand** *in a quote* | gerund | Giraffes *not said here* |  |  | trees |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location |
| 4 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | my book |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Put him right.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:2
# text = Put him right.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	right	right	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* |  | book |  |  | right *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giraffes paint patches on each other with their tongues

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:o1:1
# text = Giraffes paint patches on each other with their tongues
1	Giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paint	paint	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	patches	patch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	2	obl	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	fixed	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	tongues	tongue	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | present | Giraffes | patches |  | each |  | with Giraffes's tongues | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent patch=Theme on each=Destination |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, all giraffes are born plain and turn patchy in the shade

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:o2:1
# text = Yes, all giraffes are born plain and turn patchy in the shade
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	plain	plain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
10	patchy	patchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | present · passive |  | all giraffes |  |  |  | plain *property* | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **turn** | present |  |  |  | the shade |  | patchy *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in shade=Trajectory |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Giraffes get their patches from the mud they roll in

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:o3:1
# text = Giraffes get their patches from the mud they roll in
1	Giraffes	giraffe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	patches	patch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	mud	mud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	roll	roll	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | Giraffes | Giraffes's patches |  | the mud |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent patch=Theme from mud=Source |
| 2 | **roll in** | present | Giraffes *= giraffe* | the mud *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mud=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
That is only Kipling's story; real patterns come from parents

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:77-justso-leopard-spots-1:t7:o4:1
# text = That is only Kipling's story; real patterns come from parents
1	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	Kipling	Kipling	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	patterns	pattern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | That | Kipling's story |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | present | real patterns |  |  |  |  | from parents | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from parent=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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