--- title: Identify the means by which the Leopard and the hunter ascertained t… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:… · tree and pragmatics description: Identify the means by which the Leopard and the hunter ascertained the identity of the animals captured during the night. Exam question 1 of lesson 78 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?)» of the books course of M --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/e1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Books](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/) / [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/) / e1 # Exam question 1 · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got… Identify the means by which the Leopard and the hunter ascertained the identity of the animals captured during the night. **Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, the, Leopard · **What happens:** identify, mean, ascertain, capture · **To what, where:** identity, animals · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is exam question 1 of lesson 78 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/#e1). ## The question {#question} ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:78-justso-leopard-spots-2:e1:1 # text = Identify the means by which the Leopard and the hunter ascertained the identity of the animals captured during the night. 1 Identify identify VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 nsubj _ _ 3 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 1 ccomp _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 11 obl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 Leopard Leopard PROPN NNP Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 hunter hunter NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 11 ascertained ascertain VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 identity identity NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obj _ _ 14 of of ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 nmod _ _ 17 captured capture VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 16 acl _ _ 18 during during ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 21 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | | | | | | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 2 | **mean** | present | the | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **ascertain** | past | the Leopard and the hunter | the identity of the animals | | | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent identity=Topic | | 4 | **capture** | participle | | the animals *not said here* | | | night | | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The options {#options} ### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1} By their footprints and the tracks they left behind ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:78-justso-leopard-spots-2:e1:o1:1 # text = By their footprints and the tracks they left behind 1 By by ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 footprints footprint NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 tracks track NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 conj _ _ 7 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 nsubj _ _ 8 left leave VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 9 behind behind ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **leave behind** | past | tracks *= track* | their footprints and the tracks *not said here* | | | | behind *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent footprint=Theme | ### Option 2 {#o2} By smell, by touch, by the manner of their kicking, and by the sound they made when the hunter knocked them over at last ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:78-justso-leopard-spots-2:e1:o2:1 # text = By smell, by touch, by the manner of their kicking, and by the sound they made when the hunter knocked them over at last 1 By by ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 touch touch NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 kicking kicking NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 15 by by ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 16 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 17 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 obl _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 acl:relcl _ _ 20 when when SCONJ WRB _ 23 mark _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 hunter hunter NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 23 knocked knock VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 19 advcl _ _ 24 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 obj _ _ 25 over over ADP RP _ 23 compound:prt _ _ 26 at at ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 last last ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 obl _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | smell | smell and touch and the manner of smell's kicking *not said here* | | | | by the sound | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset smell=Product | | 2 | **knock over** | past | the hunter | smell | | last | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent they=Theme at last=Destination | | 3 | **kick** | | smell | | | | | | nom kicking «act transitive»: poss=agent | ### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3} By smell, by touch and by the manner of their kicking ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:78-justso-leopard-spots-2:e1:o3:1 # text = By smell, by touch and by the manner of their kicking 1 By by ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 smell smell NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 4 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 touch touch NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 7 by by ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 conj _ _ 10 of of ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 kicking kicking NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **kick** | | smell | | | | | | nom kicking «act transitive»: poss=agent | ### Option 4 {#o4} By their colour and their size ```conllu # sent_id = question:books:78-justso-leopard-spots-2:e1:o4:1 # text = By their colour and their size 1 By by ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 colour colour NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 size size NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 conj _ _ ``` The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence. **Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:…, test 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/t16/) - next →: [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4:…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/e2/) - ↑ back to [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 4: How the Leopard got his Spots, part 2 (One, two, three, and where's your breakfast?)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/78-justso-leopard-spots-2/)