---
title: State, in accordance with established zoology, the anatomical compos… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:… · tree and pragmatics
description: State, in accordance with established zoology, the anatomical composition of the trunk of an elephant. Exam question 4 of lesson 80 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-war and the trunk)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tr
---

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# Exam question 4 · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State, in accordance with established zoology, the anatomical composition of the trunk of an elephant.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** establish

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 80 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-war and the trunk)» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/80-justso-elephants-child-2/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:e4:1
# text = State, in accordance with established zoology, the anatomical composition of the trunk of an elephant.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	accordance	accordance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	amod	_	_
7	zoology	zoology	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	anatomical	anatomical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	composition	composition	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	elephant	elephant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose and upper lip, united, with a hard bone running down the middle of the whole trunk and tusks

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:e4:o1:1
# text = The nose and upper lip, united, with a hard bone running down the middle of the whole trunk and tusks
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	united	united	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
13	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	down	down	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	middle	middle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	tusks	tusk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run down** | gerund | a hard bone *not said here* | the middle of the whole trunk and tusks |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme middle=Trajectory |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fused nose and lip with some cartilage inside

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:e4:o2:1
# text = Fused nose and lip with some cartilage inside
1	Fused	fuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	amod	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	cartilage	cartilage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fuse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose and upper lip, united and devoid of bone, with thick skin and many layers of fat beneath it

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:e4:o3:1
# text = The nose and upper lip, united and devoid of bone, with thick skin and many layers of fat beneath it
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	united	united	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	layers	layer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
21	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nose and upper lip, united and devoid of bone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:e4:o4:1
# text = The nose and upper lip, united and devoid of bone
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
4	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	lip	lip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	united	united	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	devoid	devoid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-war and the trunk)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/80-justso-elephants-child-2/)