---
title: In the Leopard story the animals' new looks came from hiding in shad… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5:… · tree and pragmatics
description: In the Leopard story the animals' new looks came from hiding in shade; in this story the trunk came from a tug-of-war. In which earlier story did a helper tie something with a knot or a strap? Test 10 · ★★ of lesson 80 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-w
---

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# Test 10 · ★★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the Leopard story the animals' new looks came from hiding in shade; in this story the trunk came from a tug-of-war. In which earlier story did a helper tie something with a knot or a strap?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** new looks, trunk, earlier story · **What happens:** come, hide, do, tie · **To what, where:** Leopard story, shade, story, helper, something

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 80 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 5: The Elephant's Child, part 2 (the tug-of-war and the trunk)» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/80-justso-elephants-child-2/#t10).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* In the Leopard story the animals' new looks came from hiding in shade; in this story the trunk came from a tug-of-war.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:1
# text = In the Leopard story the animals' new looks came from hiding in shade; in this story the trunk came from a tug-of-war.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Leopard	Leopard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	looks	look	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
12	hiding	hide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	shade	shade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	det	_	_
18	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	trunk	trunk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
24	tug	tug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the animals's new looks |  |  | the Leopard story |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in story=Location |
| 2 | **hide** | gerund | the animals's new looks *not said here* |  |  | shade |  |  | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in shade=Location |
| 3 | **come** | past | the trunk |  |  | this story |  | from a war | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from war=Initial\_Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* In which earlier story did a helper tie something with a knot or a strap?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:2
# text = In which earlier story did a helper tie something with a knot or a strap?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	obl	_	_
3	earlier	early	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	helper	helper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	tie	tie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
9	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	8	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	knot	knot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	strap	strap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | past | earlier story | a helper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tie** | infinitive | earlier story *not said here* | something |  |  |  | with a knot or a strap | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient with knot=Co-Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Whale: the Mariner tied the grating with his suspenders

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:o1:1
# text = The Whale: the Mariner tied the grating with his suspenders
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Mariner	Mariner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tied	tie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	grating	grating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	suspenders	suspender	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past | the Whale | the grating |  |  |  | with Mariner's suspenders | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent grating=Patient with suspender=Co-Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Camel: the Djinn tied the hump with a strap

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:o2:1
# text = The Camel: the Djinn tied the hump with a strap
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Camel	camel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Djinn	Djinn	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tied	tie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	hump	hump	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	strap	strap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past | the Camel | the hump |  |  |  | with a strap | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent hump=Patient with strap=Co-Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Sailor: the Mariner knotted the rope

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:o3:1
# text = The Sailor: the Mariner knotted the rope
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Mariner	Mariner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	knotted	knot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **knot** | past | the Sailor | the rope |  |  |  |  | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Whale: the Mariner tied the grating with his suspenders and knotted the rope round the whale's back

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:80-justso-elephants-child-2:t10:o4:1
# text = The Whale: the Mariner tied the grating with his suspenders and knotted the rope round the whale's back
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Mariner	Mariner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	tied	tie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	grating	grating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	suspenders	suspender	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	knotted	knot	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	round	round	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	whale	whale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past | the Whale | the grating |  |  |  | with Mariner's suspenders | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent grating=Patient with suspender=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **knot** | past | the Whale *not said here* | the rope |  |  |  | round the whale's back | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rope=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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