---
title: What would have happened if there had been a bridge over the Wollgon… — Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 6:… · tree and pragmatics
description: What would have happened if there had been a bridge over the Wollgong River? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 81 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 6: The Sing-Song of Old Man Kangaroo» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 6: The Sing-Song of Old…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What would have happened if there had been a bridge over the Wollgong River?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** happen, be · **To what, where:** bridge, Wollgong River

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 81 «Just So Stories (Rudyard Kipling), 6: The Sing-Song of Old Man Kangaroo» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/81-justso-old-man-kangaroo/#t3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:81-justso-old-man-kangaroo:t3:1
# text = What would have happened if there had been a bridge over the Wollgong River?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	8	expl	_	_
7	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	advcl	_	_
11	over	over	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	Wollgong	Wollgong	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	River	River	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | would · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle |  | a bridge |  | the Wollgong River |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He could have gone on running on all four legs as before

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:81-justso-old-man-kangaroo:t3:o1:1
# text = He could have gone on running on all four legs as before
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	gone	go	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	running	run	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
9	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
11	as	as	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	before	before	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | could · perfect | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **run** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  | all four legs |  | before *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He might have kept running on four legs instead of hopping

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:81-justso-old-man-kangaroo:t3:o2:1
# text = He might have kept running on four legs instead of hopping
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	11	mark	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	hopping	hop	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | might · perfect · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  | four legs |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory |
| 3 | **hop** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He might have kept running on four legs and never grown the long hind legs at all, leaving the joke unfinished

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:81-justso-old-man-kangaroo:t3:o3:1
# text = He might have kept running on four legs and never grown the long hind legs at all, leaving the joke unfinished
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux	_	_
4	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	hind	hind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	unfinished	unfinished	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | might · perfect · passive |  | He |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **run** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  | four legs |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on leg=Trajectory |
| 3 | **not** **grow** | participle |  | the long hind legs |  | all |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leg=Theme |
| 4 | **leave** | gerund |  | the joke |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joke=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Nqong would never have played his joke, and the Kangaroo would have stayed in his grey woolly shape forever

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:81-justso-old-man-kangaroo:t3:o4:1
# text = Nqong would never have played his joke, and the Kangaroo would have stayed in his grey woolly shape forever
1	Nqong	Nqong	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	played	play	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Kangaroo	Kangaroo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
12	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux	_	_
14	stayed	stay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
17	grey	grey	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
20	forever	forever	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **play** | would · perfect | Nqong | Nqong's joke |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joke=Theme |
| 2 | **stay** | would · perfect | the Kangaroo |  |  | Nqong's grey woolly shape |  | forever *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shape=Location |
| 3 | **joke** |  | Nqong |  |  |  |  |  | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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