---
title: Looking back: in «How the Leopard Got His Spots», how did the Leopar… — Just So Stories, The Beginning of the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Looking back: in «How the Leopard Got His Spots», how did the Leopard get his spots? Test 10 · ★ of lesson 82 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1: Painted Jaguar and the muddled advice» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the
---

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# Test 10 · ★ · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1:…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Looking back: in «How the Leopard Got His Spots», how did the Leopard get his spots?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** Leopard · **What happens:** look back, get · **To what, where:** Spots

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 82 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1: Painted Jaguar and the muddled advice» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar/#t10).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar:t10:1
# text = Looking back: in «How the Leopard Got His Spots», how did the Leopard get his spots?
1	Looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
4	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Leopard	Leopard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	Got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
10	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	Spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
15	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Leopard	Leopard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look back** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 2 | **get** *in a quote* | past | the Leopard | Leopard's Spots |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus |
| 3 | **get** | past · do-support | the Leopard | Leopard's spots |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer spot=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Five fingers of a friendly man pressed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar:t10:o1:1
# text = Five fingers of a friendly man pressed
1	Five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	fingers	finger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **press** | participle |  | Five fingers of a friendly man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was spotted by a jealous bird

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar:t10:o2:1
# text = He was spotted by a jealous bird
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	spotted	spot	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spot** | past · passive | a jealous bird | He |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Ethiopian painted him all over, then a man pressed five fingertips on him in the sun

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar:t10:o3:1
# text = The Ethiopian painted him all over, then a man pressed five fingertips on him in the sun
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Ethiopian	Ethiopian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	painted	paint	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	all	all	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
12	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	fingertips	fingertip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obl	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paint** | past | the Ethiopian | him *= he* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 2 | **press** | participle | a man | five fingertips |  | the sun | then | on Ethiopian | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingertip=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A man pressed five fingertips on him

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar:t10:o4:1
# text = A man pressed five fingertips on him
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	pressed	press	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	fingertips	fingertip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **press** | participle | a man | five fingertips |  |  |  | on him *= he* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fingertip=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Just So Stories, The Beginning of the…, test 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar/t11/)
- ↑ back to [Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 1: Painted Jaguar and the muddled advice](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/82-justso-armadillos-1-painted-jaguar/)