---
title: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established… — Just So Stories, The Beginning of the… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the armour of real armadillos? Exam question 3 of lesson 83 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name» of the books course of Mova's primary school
---

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# Exam question 3 · Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2:…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the armour of real armadillos?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** established facts · **What happens:** follow, be, establish, concern · **To what, where:** armour

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 83 «Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements is consistent with the established facts concerning the armour of real armadillos?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	_
11	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	armour	armour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	armadillos	armadillo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; with the established facts; consistent *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the armour of real armadillos |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus armour=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It consists of small bony plates covered with tough skin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo:e3:o1:1
# text = It consists of small bony plates covered with tough skin
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consists	consist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	tough	tough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of small bony plates | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | participle |  | small bony plates *not said here* |  |  |  | with tough skin | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with skin=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It consists of large bony shells joined together over the head, back and tail, and is not covered by skin at all

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo:e3:o2:1
# text = It consists of large bony shells joined together over the head, back and tail, and is not covered by skin at all
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	consists	consist	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	bony	bony	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	together	together	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	over	over	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	tail	tail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
20	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **consist** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of large bony shells | tree rules |
| 2 | **join** | participle |  | large bony shells *not said here* |  | the head |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **cover** | present · passive | skin |  |  | all |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a single hard shell fused onto the spine

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo:e3:o3:1
# text = It is a single hard shell fused onto the spine
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	fused	fuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	spine	spine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a single hard shell |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fuse** | participle |  | a single hard shell *not said here* |  | the spine |  |  | vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is formed from thick shell plates which grow back every year when the animal sheds them in the spring season

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo:e3:o4:1
# text = It is formed from thick shell plates which grow back every year when the animal sheds them in the spring season
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	formed	form	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	back	back	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	16	mark	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	sheds	shed	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **form** | present · passive |  | It |  | thick shell plates |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.material»: subject=Result from plate=Material |
| 2 | **grow back** | present | thick shell plates |  |  |  | year |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **shed** | present | the animal | plates *= plate* |  |  | season |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Source |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Just So Stories, The Beginning of the…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo/e2/)
- next →: [Just So Stories, The Beginning of the…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Just So Stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, part 2: swimming lessons, curling lessons, and a new name](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/83-justso-armadillos-2-the-first-armadillo/)