---
title: Which of the following describes the event by which Little Claus fir… — Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mot… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following describes the event by which Little Claus first reaches the bottom of the river? Exam question 1 of lesson 871 «Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mother, part 82: Little Claus tricks Great Claus into the river, and an old man begins a story from the teapot» of the books cours
---

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# Exam question 1 · Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mother, part 82: Little…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following describes the event by which Little Claus first reaches the bottom of the river?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Little · **What happens:** follow, describe, reach · **To what, where:** event, bottom

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 871 «Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mother, part 82: Little Claus tricks Great Claus into the river, and an old man begins a story from the teapot» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/871-pg27200-part82/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:871-pg27200-part82:e1:1
# text = Which of the following describes the event by which Little Claus first reaches the bottom of the river?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	nsubj	_	_
5	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	event	event	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	obl	_	_
10	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	13	nsubj	_	_
11	Claus	Claus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
12	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	13	advmod	_	_
13	reaches	reach	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the event |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent event=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | present | Little | the bottom of the river |  |  |  | by the event; first *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent bottom=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is lowered on a rope by the cattle

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:871-pg27200-part82:e1:o1:1
# text = He is lowered on a rope by the cattle
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	lowered	lower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	rope	rope	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cattle	cattle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lower** | present · passive | the cattle | He |  | a rope |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme on rope=Destination |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He jumps from a boat onto the riverbed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:871-pg27200-part82:e1:o2:1
# text = He jumps from a boat onto the riverbed
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	riverbed	riverbed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | present | He |  |  | a boat |  | onto the riverbed | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from boat=Trajectory |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is tied in a sack and thrown from the bridge

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:871-pg27200-part82:e1:o3:1
# text = He is tied in a sack and thrown from the bridge
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sack	sack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
9	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | present · passive |  | He |  | a sack |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **throw** | participle |  |  |  | the bridge |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent from bridge=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He swims down from the bank of the river

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:871-pg27200-part82:e1:o4:1
# text = He swims down from the bank of the river
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	swims	swim	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swim down** | present | He |  |  | the bank of the river |  | down *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from bank=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mot…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/871-pg27200-part82/t12/)
- next →: [Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mot…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/871-pg27200-part82/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Fairy Tales, The Little Elder-Tree Mother, part 82: Little Claus tricks Great Claus into the river, and an old man begins a story from the teapot](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/871-pg27200-part82/)