---
title: Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of t… — Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of the swallow when Tiny first discovers him in the passage? Exam question 1 of lesson 883 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a frozen swallow while the field-mouse plans her wedding to the mole» of the books cour
---

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# Exam question 1 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of the swallow when Tiny first discovers him in the passage?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, describe, discover · **To what, where:** state, him, passage

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 883 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a frozen swallow while the field-mouse plans her wedding to the mole» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/883-pg27200-part94/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements correctly describes the state of the swallow when Tiny first discovers him in the passage?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
6	correctly	correctly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	describes	describe	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	14	advmod	_	_
14	Tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	16	advmod	_	_
16	discovers	discover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	passage	passage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **describe** | present |  | the state of the swallow |  |  |  | of the following statements; correctly *property* | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent state=Theme |
| 3 | **discover** | present |  | him *= he* |  | the passage |  | first *property* | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallow was benumbed with cold, and his heart still beat faintly under the hay Tiny placed

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e1:o1:1
# text = The swallow was benumbed with cold, and his heart still beat faintly under the hay Tiny placed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	still	still	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	beat	beat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
13	faintly	faintly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	hay	hay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	Tiny	Tiny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	placed	place	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **benumb** | past · passive |  | the swallow |  |  |  | with cold | tree rules |
| 2 | **beat** | present | his heart |  |  | the hay | still | faintly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under hay=Location |
| 3 | **place** | past | Tiny | the hay *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent hay=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallow was benumbed with cold and not truly dead

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e1:o2:1
# text = The swallow was benumbed with cold and not truly dead
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	truly	truly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **benumb** | past · passive |  | the swallow |  |  |  | with cold | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallow had been wounded by a thorn-bush and was lying still, but not fully benumbed

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e1:o3:1
# text = The swallow had been wounded by a thorn-bush and was lying still, but not fully benumbed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	wounded	wound	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	thorn	thorn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
14	still	still	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
18	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	benumbed	benumb	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wound** | past · perfect · passive | a thorn bush | the swallow |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **lie** | past · progressive | a thorn bush *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **benumb** | participle | a thorn bush *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fully *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallow had died from his wing wound early

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e1:o4:1
# text = The swallow had died from his wing wound early
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	died	die	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	wing	wing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	wound	wound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **die** | past · perfect | the swallow |  |  | swallow's wing wound |  | early *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V PP.cause»: agent=Patient from wound=Causer |
| 2 | **wound** |  | swallow |  |  |  |  |  | nom wound «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, pa…, test 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/883-pg27200-part94/t12/)
- next →: [Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, pa…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/883-pg27200-part94/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a frozen swallow while the field-mouse plans her wedding to the mole](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/883-pg27200-part94/)