---
title: What reason does Tiny give for declining the swallow's invitation to… — Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: What reason does Tiny give for declining the swallow's invitation to fly away with him? Exam question 2 of lesson 883 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a frozen swallow while the field-mouse plans her wedding to the mole» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the
---

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# Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
What reason does Tiny give for declining the swallow's invitation to fly away with him?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** reason, swallow · **What happens:** give, decline, fly away, invite · **To what, where:** invitation

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 883 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, Thumbelina, part 94: Tiny nurses a frozen swallow while the field-mouse plans her wedding to the mole» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/883-pg27200-part94/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e2:1
# text = What reason does Tiny give for declining the swallow's invitation to fly away with him?
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:outer	_	_
3	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	Tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	declining	decline	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	invitation	invitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
14	away	away	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · do-support | what reason |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **decline** | gerund | what reason *not said here* | the swallow's invitation |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invitation=Theme |
| 3 | **fly away** | to-infinitive | what reason *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with reason; away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **invite** |  | the swallow |  |  |  |  |  | nom invitation «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She feels obliged not to abandon the field-mouse who sheltered her through the cold season

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e2:o1:1
# text = She feels obliged not to abandon the field-mouse who sheltered her through the cold season
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	sheltered	shelter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	through	through	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **oblige** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **abandon** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the field mouse |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme mouse=Source |
| 4 | **shelter** | past | the field mouse | mouse |  |  | season |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She feels the field-mouse needs her here

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e2:o2:1
# text = She feels the field-mouse needs her here
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
8	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **need** | present | the field mouse | her *= she* |  | here |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot she=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She feels bound to the field-mouse and her wedding plans, which would be ruined by flying away

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e2:o3:1
# text = She feels bound to the field-mouse and her wedding plans, which would be ruined by flying away
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bound	bound	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	wedding	wedding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	plans	plan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	conj	_	_
18	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
19	flying	fly	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
20	away	away	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | She |  |  |  |  | to the field mouse and her wedding plans; bound *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to mouse=Experiencer |
| 2 | **ruin** | would · passive |  | the field mouse and her wedding plans |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **fly away** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **plan** |  | her *= she* |  |  |  |  |  | nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She feels obliged not to abandon the field-mouse

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:883-pg27200-part94:e2:o4:1
# text = She feels obliged not to abandon the field-mouse
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	feels	feel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	abandon	abandon	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	mouse	mouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | present | She |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **oblige** | participle | She *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **abandon** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | the field mouse |  |  |  |  | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme mouse=Source |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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