---
title: Real life: what did the Greeks add to the alphabet they borrowed fro… — Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was… · tree and pragmatics
description: Real life: what did the Greeks add to the alphabet they borrowed from the Phoenicians? Test 7 · ★★ of lesson 89 «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and 
---

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# Test 7 · ★★ · Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the A…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Real life: what did the Greeks add to the alphabet they borrowed from the Phoenicians?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Greeks · **What happens:** add, borrow · **To what, where:** Real life, alphabet, Phoenicians

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This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 89 «Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/#t7).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete:t7:1
# text = Real life: what did the Greeks add to the alphabet they borrowed from the Phoenicians?
1	Real	real	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
4	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	8	obj	_	_
5	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	Greeks	Greek	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	add	add	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Phoenicians	Phoenician	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | present | the Greeks | Real life |  |  |  | to the alphabet | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent what=Patient to alphabet=Co-Patient |
| 2 | **borrow** | past | Greeks *= greek* | the alphabet *not said here* |  | the Phoenicians |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent alphabet=Theme from phoenician=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Letters for vowel sounds, such as a, e, i, o and u

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete:t7:o1:1
# text = Letters for vowel sounds, such as a, e, i, o and u
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	vowel	vowel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
6	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	12	case	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	fixed	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	e	e	INTJ	UH	_	12	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	o	o	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	u	u	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Letters for hard sounds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete:t7:o2:1
# text = Letters for hard sounds
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Letters for vowel sounds and for the numbers one to ten

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete:t7:o3:1
# text = Letters for vowel sounds and for the numbers one to ten
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	vowel	vowel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	numbers	number	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nmod	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Letters for vowel sounds

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete:t7:o4:1
# text = Letters for vowel sounds
1	Letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	vowel	vowel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	sounds	sound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was…, test 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/t6/)
- next →: [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was…, test 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/t8/)
- ↑ back to [Just So Stories, How the Alphabet Was Made, part 3: «the Alphabet, all complete», and how letters really began](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/89-justso-alphabet-3-the-alphabet-all-complete/)