---
title: Amir from Toronto, in his toque (woolly hat): «why didn't the crab j… — Just So Stories, The Crab that Played… · tree and pragmatics
description: Amir from Toronto, in his toque (woolly hat): «why didn't the crab just take the gifts straight off?» What did Pau Amma say? Test 14 · ★ of lesson 91 «Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2: Pau Amma loses his shell» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependen
---

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# Test 14 · ★ · Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Amir from Toronto, in his toque (woolly hat): «why didn't the crab just take the gifts straight off?» What did Pau Amma say?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** crab, Pau · **What happens:** not take, say · **To what, where:** gifts · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 14 · ★ of lesson 91 «Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2: Pau Amma loses his shell» of the books course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell/#t14).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Amir from Toronto, in his toque (woolly hat): «why didn't the crab just take the gifts straight off?»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:1
# text = Amir from Toronto, in his toque (woolly hat): «why didn't the crab just take the gifts straight off?»
1	Amir	Amir	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Toronto	Toronto	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	toque	toque	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	woolly	woolly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
15	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	crab	crab	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
19	just	just	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
23	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
24	off	off	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** *in a quote* | past · do-support | the crab | the gifts |  |  |  | off *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What did Pau Amma say?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:2
# text = What did Pau Amma say?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	Pau	Pau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Amma	Amma	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
5	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · do-support | Pau |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All soft as he was, the gifts would not help him at all, so he must first have his shell back from the Magician

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:o1:1
# text = All soft as he was, the gifts would not help him at all, so he must first have his shell back from the Magician
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	20	advmod	_	_
20	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	conj	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
23	back	back	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **help** | would | all soft |  | him *= he* | all |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Beneficiary |
| 3 | **have** | must | he | his shell |  |  |  | first *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was soft, so the gifts would not help; first the shell

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:o2:1
# text = He was soft, so the gifts would not help; first the shell
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	advmod	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | He |  |  |  |  | the shell *obl*; soft *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **help** | would | the gifts |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All soft as he was, he could not take the gifts yet, for the Magician had to make him a new shell first and then go

<!-- fold The tree, 26 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:o3:1
# text = All soft as he was, he could not take the gifts yet, for the Magician had to make him a new shell first and then go
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nsubj	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	Magician	magician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	_
25	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	20	advmod	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	28	advmod	_	_
28	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **take** | could | all soft | the gifts |  |  | yet |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | the Magician |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | the Magician *not said here* | a new shell | Magician |  |  | first *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset he=Beneficiary shell=Product |
| 5 | **go** | infinitive | all soft *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All soft as he was, the gifts would not help him; first his shell

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell:t14:o4:1
# text = All soft as he was, the gifts would not help him; first his shell
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
3	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	gifts	gift	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
9	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
14	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	advmod	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **help** | would | all soft | him *= he* |  |  |  | first *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Just So Stories, The Crab that Played with the Sea, part 2: Pau Amma loses his shell](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/91-justso-crab-2-pau-amma-loses-his-shell/)