---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Just So Stories, The Butterfly that St… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mass of a butterfly? Exam question 4 of lesson 96 «Just So Stories, The Butterfly that Stamped, part 1: a wise king, a hungry Animal and a butterfly's boast» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and
---

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# Exam question 4 · Just So Stories, The Butterfly that Stamped, part 1: a wis…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mass of a butterfly?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** mass

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 96 «Just So Stories, The Butterfly that Stamped, part 1: a wise king, a hungry Animal and a butterfly's boast» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast:e4:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the mass of a butterfly?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	butterfly	butterfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the mass of a butterfly |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Heavier than a sparrow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast:e4:o1:1
# text = Heavier than a sparrow
1	Heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sparrow	sparrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Enough to crush a blade of grass beneath it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast:e4:o2:1
# text = Enough to crush a blade of grass beneath it
1	Enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	to	to	PART	TO	_	3	mark	_	_
3	crush	crush	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | to-infinitive |  | a blade of grass |  |  |  | beneath grass; enough *property* | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
About the weight of a small pebble on the grass

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast:e4:o3:1
# text = About the weight of a small pebble on the grass
1	About	about	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pebble	pebble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Less than a single gram, insufficient to bend a blade of grass

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast:e4:o4:1
# text = Less than a single gram, insufficient to bend a blade of grass
1	Less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	5	advmod	_	_
2	than	than	ADP	IN	_	1	fixed	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	gram	gram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bend** | to-infinitive |  | a blade of grass |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent blade=Material |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Just So Stories, The Butterfly that St…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast/e3/)
- next →: [Just So Stories, The Butterfly that St…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/97-justso-butterfly-2-the-butterfly-stamps-and-the-book-ends/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Just So Stories, The Butterfly that Stamped, part 1: a wise king, a hungry Animal and a butterfly's boast](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/96-justso-butterfly-1-the-boast/)