---
title: In what manner was the innocence of Jurgen ultimately established? — Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurge… · tree and pragmatics
description: In what manner was the innocence of Jurgen ultimately established? Exam question 1 of lesson 967 «Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurgen is freed and travels to Skjagen» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurgen is freed and trave…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In what manner was the innocence of Jurgen ultimately established?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** be, establish · **To what, where:** innocence, manner

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 967 «Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurgen is freed and travels to Skjagen» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/967-pg27200-part178/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:967-pg27200-part178:e1:1
# text = In what manner was the innocence of Jurgen ultimately established?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	what	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	3	det	_	_
3	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	innocence	innocence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Jurgen	Jurgen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	ultimately	ultimately	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past |  | the innocence |  | what manner |  | of Jurgen | tree rules |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  | the innocence *not said here* |  |  |  | ultimately *property* | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After a witness spoke at the inquest hearing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:967-pg27200-part178:e1:o1:1
# text = After a witness spoke at the inquest hearing
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	witness	witness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
4	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	inquest	inquest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	hearing	hearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past |  |  |  | the inquest hearing | after a witness |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the subsequent arrest of Niels the thief, who had confessed under torture to the murder of Martin in the beer-house

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:967-pg27200-part178:e1:o2:1
# text = Through the subsequent arrest of Niels the thief, who had confessed under torture to the murder of Martin in the beer-house
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	arrest	arrest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Niels	Niels	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	confessed	confess	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	torture	torture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	murder	murder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Martin	Martin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
22	beer	beer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confess** | past · perfect | the thief |  | the murder of Martin in the beer house | torture |  |  | vn confess-37.10 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to murder=Recipient |
| 2 | **arrest** |  |  | Niels |  |  |  |  | nom arrest «act transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **murder** |  |  | Martin |  | the beer house |  |  | nom murder «act transitive»: of=patient in=place |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the subsequent arrest of a wandering beggar who had been caught with Martin's purse and a bloody knife in the harbour district

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:967-pg27200-part178:e1:o3:1
# text = Through the subsequent arrest of a wandering beggar who had been caught with Martin's purse and a bloody knife in the harbour district
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	arrest	arrest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	wandering	wonder	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	amod	_	_
8	beggar	beggar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	Martin	Martin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	purse	purse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	bloody	bloody	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	knife	knife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	harbour	harbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	district	district	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wonder** *speech: ask* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **catch** | past · perfect · passive |  | a wandering beggar |  |  |  | with Martin's purse | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **arrest** |  |  | a wandering beggar |  |  |  |  | nom arrest «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the subsequent arrest of Niels the thief

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:967-pg27200-part178:e1:o4:1
# text = Through the subsequent arrest of Niels the thief
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	arrest	arrest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Niels	Niels	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	thief	thief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrest** |  |  | Niels |  |  |  |  | nom arrest «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurge…, test 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/967-pg27200-part178/t13/)
- next →: [Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurge…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/967-pg27200-part178/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Jurgen's Book, Jurgen, part 178: Jurgen is freed and travels to Skjagen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/967-pg27200-part178/)