---
title: Upon what grounds did the shadow decline to be addressed with the fa… — Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, pa… · tree and pragmatics
description: Upon what grounds did the shadow decline to be addressed with the familiar form "thou"? Exam question 2 of lesson 972 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 183: the shadow tells how it became a man, then invites the scholar on a journey» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dep
---

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# Exam question 2 · Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 183: the shadow t…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Upon what grounds did the shadow decline to be addressed with the familiar form "thou"?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** ground, do, address · **To what, where:** shadow decline

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 972 «Andersen's Fairy Tales, The Shadow, part 183: the shadow tells how it became a man, then invites the scholar on a journey» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/972-pg27200-part183/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:972-pg27200-part183:e2:1
# text = Upon what grounds did the shadow decline to be addressed with the familiar form "thou"?
1	Upon	upon	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grounds	ground	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	decline	decline	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	addressed	address	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ground** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | past |  | the shadow decline |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent decline=Eventuality |
| 3 | **address** | to-infinitive · passive |  | the shadow decline *not said here* |  |  |  | with the familiar form | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: with form=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It experienced a sensation of being crushed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:972-pg27200-part183:e2:o1:1
# text = It experienced a sensation of being crushed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	experienced	experience	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sensation	sensation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **experience** | past | It | a sensation |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sensation=Stimulus |
| 2 | **crush** | gerund · passive |  | a sensation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle» |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It experienced a sensation of being crushed and humiliated by the familiar address

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:972-pg27200-part183:e2:o2:1
# text = It experienced a sensation of being crushed and humiliated by the familiar address
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	experienced	experience	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sensation	sensation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	humiliated	humiliate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	familiar	familiar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	address	address	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **experience** | past | It | a sensation |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sensation=Stimulus |
| 2 | **crush** | gerund · passive |  | a sensation *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle» |
| 3 | **humiliate** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the familiar address | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was overcome by an odd feeling of dread

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:972-pg27200-part183:e2:o3:1
# text = It was overcome by an odd feeling of dread
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	overcome	overcome	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	odd	odd	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	dread	dread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **overcome** | past · passive | a odd feeling of dread | It |  |  |  |  | vn exceed-90 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It regarded the form as a grave personal insult

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:972-pg27200-part183:e2:o4:1
# text = It regarded the form as a grave personal insult
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	regarded	regard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	insult	insult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **regard** | past | It | the form |  |  |  | as a grave personal insult | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: agent=Agent form=Theme as insult=Value |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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