---
title: By what means did the mother render the coin green in colour? — Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 1… · tree and pragmatics
description: By what means did the mother render the coin green in colour? Exam question 3 of lesson 975 «Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 186: a shilling is called false and passed from hand to hand» of the books course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 186: a shilling is ca…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By what means did the mother render the coin green in colour?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mother · **What happens:** mean, render · **To what, where:** coin

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 975 «Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 186: a shilling is called false and passed from hand to hand» of the books course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/books/975-pg27200-part186/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:975-pg27200-part186:e3:1
# text = By what means did the mother render the coin green in colour?
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
4	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	coin	coin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **render** | past · do-support | the mother | the coin |  |  |  | green *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coin=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by leaving it in damp soil

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:975-pg27200-part186:e3:o1:1
# text = by leaving it in damp soil
1	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	damp	damp	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	soil	soil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund |  | it |  | damp soil |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in soil=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by immersion in vinegar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:975-pg27200-part186:e3:o2:1
# text = by immersion in vinegar
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	immersion	immersion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by complete immersion for several days in a bowl of strong vinegar and salt

```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:975-pg27200-part186:e3:o3:1
# text = by complete immersion for several days in a bowl of strong vinegar and salt
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	immersion	immersion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	salt	salt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
by complete immersion for several days in a bowl of strong vinegar and then drying it slowly

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:books:975-pg27200-part186:e3:o4:1
# text = by complete immersion for several days in a bowl of strong vinegar and then drying it slowly
1	by	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	immersion	immersion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	vinegar	vinegar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
15	drying	dry	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dry** | gerund |  | vinegar |  |  | then | slowly *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient it=Result |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 1…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/975-pg27200-part186/e2/)
- next →: [Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 1…, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/975-pg27200-part186/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Andersen's Tales, The Shilling, part 186: a shilling is called false and passed from hand to hand](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/books/975-pg27200-part186/)