---
title: It is given that a coloured substance disperses throughout still wat… — What is everything made of? · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a coloured substance disperses throughout still water in the absence of agitation. Identify the principal cause. Exam question 2 of lesson 1 «What is everything made of?» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 2 · What is everything made of?

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a coloured substance disperses throughout still water in the absence of agitation. Identify the principal cause.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** coloured substance, you · **What happens:** give, disperse, absent, identify · **To what, where:** It, absence, agitation, principal cause

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 1 «What is everything made of?» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/1-what-is-everything-made-of/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a coloured substance disperses throughout still water in the absence of agitation.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:1
# text = It is given that a coloured substance disperses throughout still water in the absence of agitation.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	disperses	disperse	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	throughout	throughout	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	agitation	agitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **disperse** | present | a coloured substance |  |  | the absence of agitation | throughout water |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **absent** |  |  | agitation |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Identify the principal cause.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:2
# text = Identify the principal cause.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal cause |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent cause=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The continual random motion of the particles of the water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:o1:1
# text = The continual random motion of the particles of the water
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	continual	continual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	random	random	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	motion	motion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	particles	particle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **motion** |  | the particles of the water |  |  |  |  |  | nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Currents generated by the observer's breath

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:o2:1
# text = Currents generated by the observer's breath
1	Currents	current	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	generated	generate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	observer	observer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	breath	breath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **generate** | participle |  | Currents *not said here* |  |  |  | by the observer's breath | vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Attraction exerted by the walls of the vessel

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:o3:1
# text = Attraction exerted by the walls of the vessel
1	Attraction	attraction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	exerted	exert	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl	_	_
3	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exert** | participle |  | Attraction *not said here* |  |  |  | by the walls of the vessel | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The superior weight of the colouring agent, which descends and spreads

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:1-what-is-everything-made-of:e2:o4:1
# text = The superior weight of the colouring agent, which descends and spreads
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	superior	superior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	colouring	colouring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	agent	agent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	descends	descend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	spreads	spread	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **descend** | present | the superior weight of the colouring agent |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **spread** | present | the superior weight of the colouring agent *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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