---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a candle enclosed beneath a… — The candle and what burning is · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a candle enclosed beneath a jar is extinguished. Exam question 2 of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Chemistry](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/) / [The candle and what burning is](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · The candle and what burning is

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a candle enclosed beneath a jar is extinguished.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, candle · **What happens:** identify, enclose, be · **To what, where:** principal reason, candle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a candle enclosed beneath a jar is extinguished.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
9	enclosed	enclose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	acl	_	_
10	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **enclose** | participle |  | a candle *not said here* |  |  |  | beneath a jar | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | a candle |  |  |  |  | for the principal reason; extinguished *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The wax is exhausted at the moment of enclosure, the jar drawing it upward

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:e2:o1:1
# text = The wax is exhausted at the moment of enclosure, the jar drawing it upward
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	enclosure	enclosure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
13	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	upward	upward	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exhaust** | present · passive |  | the wax |  |  | moment |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **draw** | gerund | the jar *not said here* | wax |  |  |  | upward *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Light cannot pass through the jar

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:e2:o2:1
# text = Light cannot pass through the jar
1	Light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **pass** | can | Light |  |  | the jar |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through jar=Location |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The supply of oxygen within the jar is insufficient to sustain combustion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:e2:o3:1
# text = The supply of oxygen within the jar is insufficient to sustain combustion
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	supply	supply	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	within	within	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	sustain	sustain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	csubj	_	_
12	combustion	combustion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the supply of oxygen within the jar |  |  |  |  | insufficient *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **sustain** | to-infinitive |  | combustion |  |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent combustion=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The glass of the jar absorbs the heat of the flame

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:e2:o4:1
# text = The glass of the jar absorbs the heat of the flame
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jar	jar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	absorbs	absorb	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **absorb** | present | the glass of the jar | the heat of the flame |  |  |  |  | vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal heat=Theme |
| 2 | **heat** |  | the flame |  |  |  |  |  | nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [The candle and what burning is, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/e1/)
- next →: [The candle and what burning is, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/e3/)
- ↑ back to [The candle and what burning is](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/)