---
title: Your friend blows out a candle, a grown-up brings a match to the smo… — The candle and what burning is · tree and pragmatics
description: Your friend blows out a candle, a grown-up brings a match to the smoke, and the candle relights. Why? Test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Test 1 · ★★★ · The candle and what burning is

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your friend blows out a candle, a grown-up brings a match to the smoke, and the candle relights. Why?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** friend, grown up, candle · **What happens:** blow out, grow, bring, relight · **To what, where:** candle, match, smoke

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Your friend blows out a candle, a grown-up brings a match to the smoke, and the candle relights.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:1
# text = Your friend blows out a candle, a grown-up brings a match to the smoke, and the candle relights.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
22	relights	relight	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow out** | present | Your friend | a candle |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent candle=Patient |
| 2 | **grow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **bring** | present | a grown up | a match |  | the smoke |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent match=Theme to smoke=Destination |
| 4 | **relight** | present | the candle |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:2
# text = Why?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The candle was never really out

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:o1:1
# text = The candle was never really out
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
5	really	really	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	out	out	ADV	RB	_	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | past | the candle |  |  |  |  | out *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoke is made of pure oxygen, which bursts into flame

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:o2:1
# text = Smoke is made of pure oxygen, which bursts into flame
1	Smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	bursts	burst	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Smoke |  |  |  | of pure oxygen | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |
| 2 | **burst** | present | pure oxygen |  |  | flame |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The smoke still holds wax gas, which catches fire

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:o3:1
# text = The smoke still holds wax gas, which catches fire
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	gas	gas	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	catches	catch	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | the smoke | wax gas |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gas=Theme |
| 2 | **catch** | present | wax gas | fire |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The match touched the wick by accident

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t1:o4:1
# text = The match touched the wick by accident
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	match	match	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wick	wick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	accident	accident	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | past | the match | the wick |  |  |  | by accident | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP PP.theme PP.instrument»: agent=Agent wick=Experiencer by accident=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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