---
title: A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water… — The candle and what burning is · tree and pragmatics
description: A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear. Where do they come from? Test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice
---

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# Test 9 · ★★★ · The candle and what burning is

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear. Where do they come from?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** they · **What happens:** grow up, hold, drop, appear, come · **To what, where:** cold spoon, candle

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★★★ of lesson 11 «The candle and what burning is» of the chemistry course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/chemistry/11-the-candle-and-burning/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:1
# text = A grown-up holds a cold spoon high above a candle and drops of water appear.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
5	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	high	high	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
10	above	above	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	candle	candle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	appear	appear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hold** | present |  | a cold spoon |  | a candle |  | high *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent spoon=Theme above candle=Location |
| 3 | **drop** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of water | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme of water=Trajectory |
| 4 | **appear** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Where do they come from?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:2
# text = Where do they come from?
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	4	advmod	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · do-support | they |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They leak out through the metal of the spoon

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:o1:1
# text = They leak out through the metal of the spoon
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leak	leak	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leak out** | present | They |  |  | the metal of the spoon |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through metal=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They come out of the cotton wick as it burns

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:o2:1
# text = They come out of the cotton wick as it burns
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cotton	cotton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	wick	wick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	burns	burn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | present | They |  |  |  |  | of the cotton wick; out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **burn** | present | wick |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are drops of dew from the night air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:o3:1
# text = They are drops of dew from the night air
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	drops	drop	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	dew	dew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | drops |  | the night air |  | of dew | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are made by the burning of the wax

```conllu
# sent_id = question:chemistry:11-the-candle-and-burning:t9:o4:1
# text = They are made by the burning of the wax
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	burning	burning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wax	wax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | the burning of the wax | They |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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